The following diary was kept by 1st Sergeant Jesse Stoneman Clum (1840-1915) of Co. C, 118th Ohio Volunteer Infantry (OVI) while stationed in Kentucky during the winter of 1862-63. According to his obituary, Jesse participated in the battle of Kingston, Tennessee; Mossy Creek, Tennessee, and in the Atlanta Campaign under General Sherman, and then in the Battle of Franklin and Nashville. He was later promoted to Lieutenant of Company D (January 1865).

Jesse was the son of George Clum, Jr. (1808-1862) and Mary Hannah Morrison (1815-1877 of Fort Recovery, Mercer county, Ohio. He was married to Sarah Mellesia McDaniel (1840-1923)—his “better half” as he called her—on 17 August 1862. A month later he enlisted in the 118th OVI.

“Our Regt is strung out for guard duty on the K.C.R.R. from Covington to Paris a distance of about seventy five miles. We spent the winter in building stockades for the protection of the numerous bridges along this line and in gathering up deserters, returned rebel soldiers, rebel recruiting offices, spies & and we done a very good business at it. We brought to justice some hundreds of the rebellious cusses. Those men that were executed on Johnson’s Island lately were formerly our boarders I knew them well.” — Lt. J. S. Parker, Co. B, 118th OVI, 4 June 1863 [Source: WTCW]

[Note: These diaries are from the personal collection of Brad Emalfarb and were offered for transcription and publication on Spared & Shared by express consent.]

T R A N S C R I P T I O N

December 8th 1862—Today we came to Paris [Kentucky] as Provost Guard—Dennis Kelley, George Hedrick & Charley Keck. Nothing unusual transpired.

9th— Have been busy all day writing but the hurry is now over and I expect some rest tomorrow. This is a very pleasant day. Has passed pleasantly but nothing unusual transpired. I got two letters today—one from Sarah and one from Jac___.

December 11th—Today took one prisoner. Has been in the Southern Army. Nothing else of interest transpired.

12th—Today I went to summon in witnesses for the man that I took yesterday. Have seen today’s paper which contains the news of Burnside’s Army having crossed the Rappahannock. Nothing of importance has transpired today.

13th—Lieut. [Charles] Gloyd was up from camp today. The Boys are getting along fine. Very warm today. Nothing of interest.

14th—Sunday morning. This is a very pleasant day. Have been indoors most all day. The church bells are ringing for church but I shall not go today. Are very anxious to hear the news from Fredericksburg, Va.

15th—Nothing of interest has transpired. Our armies has been successful both in the East and West.

16th—Today is very cold. Left Paris this morning for camp to bring provision. Nothing of interest at camp. The Boys are well.

17th—The provisions did not come until after dark. Was packed up this morning ready to start when the rest of the Boys came also. The Captain is ordered to his regiment. Last night Jones and the other Boys come from home. Captain has come back. I got the letters from home.

18th—We worked on the fortifications today. Captain [Stone] went to Lexington today and just now returned. Everything is doing fine. Weather is nice.

19th—The air is very cold today. Captain [William D. Stone] went to Falmouth and returned and six of us went to Paris horseback. Returned at 1 o’clock a.m. and almost froze.

20th—I am on guard today. The weather continues mild and agreeable. Nothing of interest has transpired but we finished our stockade.

21st—Sunday. Today was a very gloomy day—raining pretty near all the time. Nothing of interest has transpired today.

22nd—Worked on the blockhouse today. Looks very much like [rain] this evening. Nothing unusual transpired.

23rd—Rained some last night. Don’t feel very well today. Have not done anything. The first day that I have been unwell for some time

24th—Today Mr. Dunnwoody got to camp on a visit to see his son. Also Mr. Ellis. It is raining some today. Tomorrow is Christmas, One year ago tonight was at home and at a ball tripping the fantastic toe.

25th—A merry happy Christmas to all. It has rained pretty near all day. A very disagreeable day for Christmas—at least I would think so if I was at home. Got three letters today. One from my better half.

26th—Got our rations today. Rotten meat is the best. Rained pretty near all day. Got a letter from Sarah today. Do not feel very well today.

27th—I am on guard today. Nothing of importance to relate. Only a very disagreeable day.

28th—Sunday morning. Last night was rallied thrice but nothing very serious and very tired and sleepy today.

29th—Have been working on the stockade today. Lieut. Colonel [John] Walkup paid us a visit today.

30th—Captain [William D. Stone] has gone to Falmouth. Has rained all day. Col. [Samuel R.] Mott has come back with Captain Stone tonight.

31st—I am on guard today as [ ] duty an tonight. I will be on guard till the second hour of the year 1863.

January 1st 1863—Everything is very still and quiet today for New Years. Nothing unusual transpired today.

2nd—Mr. Dunwoody and Mrs. Ellis started home today. Worked on the fortification today.

3rd—Finished the fortifications today. This afternoon six men from Newport, relations of the Boys, came to pay them a visit. It is raining some this evening.

4th—I am on guard. We got our regulation swords today. Wrote home to Sarah tonight.

5th—Nothing of interest has transpired today.

7th—It is raining this morning. Lieut. [Charles] Gloyd has gone to Falmouth. Got a letter today from home.

6th—Has rained pretty near all day and everything looks gloomy. I did not get any letters today and am much disappointed.

8th—Snowed pretty near all night. There is about four inches now. Caught two rebels today.

9th—The snow is finally near all gone. Looks considerable like rain this evening.

10th—Rained very hard last night and until noon today. Captain [Stone] has gone to Falmouth. Got a letter from [brother] Hiram [L. Clum] this evening.

11th—Sunday morning. The weather is very nice and clear. Went to church today. Heard a very dull sermon preached.

12th—Nothing of interest transpired. Got a letter from home.

13th—Don’t feel very well today. Came off guard this morning.

14th—Has rained pretty near all day. Some of our boys are very sick with the sore throat. John Ellis and Tom Winn have gone to the hospital.

15th—Last night it snowed and rained all night. This morning the snow is about eight inches deep. The [Stoner] river has raised and is now bank full.

16th—It is very cold today. Snow about ten inches deep. The train has not come up for two days & we have not got our mail. Today George Mc[Daniel], Jim Johnson, & John Collins went out to get their dinner in the country and stole a setter dog.

17th—The weather is more moderate today. The train went up this afternoon. I got two letters from home this evening and feel very well pleased to hear they are all well.

18th—Sunday. I am on guard today. The weather is very cold. The guards have been in the quarters pretty near all day. Wrote a letter home today.

19th—Some warmer today and the snow is melting fast. This afternoon the pay master came. He only paid us for one month and the odd day so our pay now will run from the 1st of November. Amount of pay received today $22.65.

20th—Went out to get a beef but missed it. Captured a gun. Captain [Stone] does not get to go home as he expected. The sick is not much better. Got a letter from home tonight.

21st—Everything is quiet today. Snow is melting slowly. The [Stoner] river is very high.

22nd—Nothing happened today to interest us. George has gone to the mills. The sick is no better.

23rd—Nothing of interest.

24th—The snow has all gone and it is now very muddy under foot. The waters are very high.

25th—Sunday. Captain went to the Mills to church. Am very lonesome.

26th—Have the bloody flux this morning and feel very bad. My bones aches as does my head.

27th—Feel a good deal better today. Captain & the Boys has returned this evening.

28th—Nothing of importance transpired today.

29th—Captain went to Cynthiana and today I was to the Mills.

30th—Lieut. Rhodes took the teams and went for hay but did not get any.

31st—Lieut. Rhodes has gone to Cynthiana today. My health is excellent. Could not expect it better. Got a letter from Hiram this evening. He is well and hearty. Also got one from Will Topping.

February 1, 1863—This is Sunday morning and as usual is raining for keeps. Our sick is better.

2nd—Lieut. Rhodes has gone to Falmouth today. Got a letter from my better half. Was glad to hear from her once more. Have been working on the pay rolls today.

3rd—Today we received our Enfield Rifles. They are a very nice gun.

4th—Have been fixing the pay roll today. Joseph Kistner died [at Townsend Bridge] this evening of typhoid fever.

5th—Went to Cynthiana with guns and horses. Got three letters from home.

6th—Buried Joseph Kistner today in the Honors of War. We buried him near the stone fence some sixty or 80 yards south of the railroad shanty. I hope this may be the last one we have to bury while in the service.

7th—I am on guard today and the weather is very cold. Captain has gone to Cynthiana.

8th—Sunday. There is a good many of boys sick now. Nothing unusual transpired today.

9th— Have a severe cold and don’t feel very well myself. Got a letter from home and feel very much revived. The tender attached to the wood freight has run off the track on the fill at the north end of the bridge. No serious damage done.

10th—They have just got the tender on the track and are ready to start this morning. I feel pretty bad this morning with a severe cold. George Martin, Perry Clawson, Charles Keck, George Baker and Bernard Drees went to the hospital yesterday evening.

11th—Nothing of any interest has transpired to day. Don’t feel very well. Have a severe cold and sore throat.

12th—Got a letter from home and one from Hiram. Don’t feel so well today. My throat is very sore. Could not speak above a whisper this morning.

13th—Mess one went jayhawking last night. Got seven turkeys and one chicken.

14th—The same routine of camp life today. James Meeks came from the hospital this evening.

15th—Sunday morning. Had inspection this morning.

16th—I am on guard today and feel very well over it.

17th—Today Messrs. Johnston’s and women came to see their boys and pay us a visit this evening. J. W. McDaniel came from home. We was very glad to see him.

18th—This is a very disagreeable day. Raining pretty near all the time.

19th—Nothing of interest in camp today. Weather very pleasant.

20th—Went to Ruddells Mills to bury Capt. Pugles of the 18th Kentucky Vol. Infantry. I was one of the pall bearers. Storming very hard this evening.

22nd—Sunday—It is very disagreeable today. Underfoot is snow and mud some five inches deep.

23rd—There is a great deal of excitement today. Forrest is within a few miles from Lexington. They have taken Winchester, so reported this afternoon. Captain has returned from Cynthiana. Has orders to send 25 men to reinforce Lieut. [Abram] Wancop at Paris. They will take four days rations and start in the morning. Messrs. Johnston’s started home this morning.

24th—Have not heard anything of the rebels. The trains is not running on the road.

25th—The Boys got back this forenoon. They report everything quiet at Paris. The rebels are retreating. Our men following.

26th—Went to Cynthiana today. There is considerable excitement there. The report is that Breckinridge is coming in this direction with a large force.

27th—Capt. has gone to Cynthiana horseback. Gave been drilling pretty hard all day and feel very tired. Captain has returned. Got a letter from Uncle A. G. Morrison.

28th—[no entry]

March 1st 1863—Nothing of interest today.

2nd—Got several letters from home today.

3rd—Has rained pretty near all day today.

4th—I have not felt very well today. Weather very nice.

5th—Got a letter from my better half today.

6th—Captain has gone to Cynthiana this morning. Has returned and will proceed to Ohio immediately for the purpose of catching deserters. This evening John Blake came to see us on a visit.

7th—Rained pretty near all night. The river is very high. Mitchel McDaniel has gone to Cynthiana.

8th—This morning the river is higher than it has been since we have been here.

9th—Nothing of any importance has transpired today.

10th—H. went to press in some hay today and also pressed in some six turkeys and they came very acceptable for we was out of provisions.

11th—Weather very pleasant. John Blake started home this afternoon and Will McDaniel got here on this evening’s train.

12th—Today J. W. McDaniel & myself went and hunted up a stove for our fort and the boys took the wagon and went after it.

13th—Don’t feel very well today. Am on guard today.

14th—Will McDaniel and myself went to Paris today on the train. Nothing unusual.

15th—Sunday morning. Everything kooks like spring. Had the inspection this morning.

16th—J. W. McDaniel went to Paris today. Have been drilling. Got a letter from home.

17th—Have not heard from the Captain since he left us.

18th—Captain has got back this evening. Everything on a stand still. William F. McDaniel also started home today.

19th—Lieut. [John] Rhodes and Lieut. [Abram] Wancop has gone to Cynthiana. Has rained pretty near all day.

20th—I am on guard today. Has rained pretty near all day. Lieut. Rhodes returned from Cynthiana today. Wancop has gone to Lexington.

21st—Saturday, a very lonesome day. Was paid today by Maj. Beecher until the 1st of January.

22nd—Sunday. Had inspection this morning. Have been writing pretty near all day.

23rd—Went to Ruddells Mills for corn. Got twenty bushels. Has rained some today. No news of any importance.

24th—Has rained pretty near all day, Went to Cynthiana this afternoon. Got a letter from Uncle W. F. Morrison today.

25th—Have felt pretty well today for all it was gloomy and rainy all day. This evening was reinforced by two companies of the 115th Ohio.

27th—Have been in camp all day. Feel very tired. Have not got any letter from home for several days.

28th—Was at Cynthiana today. Everything is quiet at headquarters. Got a letter from home today.

29th—Sunday morning. Everything passed off pleasantly today.

30th—Nothing special today. No talk of rebels being near us now.

31st—I am 23 years old today. Got a letter from home last evening.

April 1st—Last night one of our pickets was captured near Cynthiana by guerrillas. They also murdered a Union man living near Cynthiana.

2nd—Was on picket at the Mills last evening. Everything passed off all right.

---

[Editor’s Note: Clum’s second diary is in much worse condition than the first one and though there are entries in it at the beginning they are largely illegible. I don’t know when they began but hardly believe that they picked up just where the first diary stopped. I have started transcribing the second diary in September 1863.

Background: It was on 8 August 1863, authorities dispatched the 118th Ohio to Lebanon, Kentucky, Louisville and Lexington. The regiment remained in Lebanon approximately one week, before officials dispatched it to East Tennessee. They arrived at Kingston, Tennessee on 10 November 1863, where they principally performed garrison duty and protected the city from threatened Confederate attack. Following the Battle of Chattanooga and the Battle of Knoxville, the 118th advanced through Nashville to Mossy Creek, Tennessee. On 29 December 1863, Confederate cavalry attacked the Union position at Mossy Creek. The Northern forces held their ground, but members of the 118th Regiment had forty men killed or wounded.]

SEPTEMBER 1863

September 24, 1863—Left Camp Goring (or Loudon) this morning at half past 4 o’clock. Marched 13 miles and camped at 12 o’clock p.m. a quarter mile west of Sweetwater. Today for the first time in 18 month service I was hauled in an ambulance. I feel considerable better. Passed through the town of Philadelphia at 7 o’clock a.m. At 9 p.m., commenced retrograde movement back to Loudon. Passed through Philadelphia at 12 p.m. Arrived at Loudon at 4 o’clock. As I came back, stopped at Philadelphia and stayed all night.

25th—Got to Loudon at 10 o’clock a.m. Feed considerable better today. Are expecting to cross the Tennessee River this evening.

26th—Stayed last night with Lt. Rhodes at a private house. Regiment did not cross the river. 12 o’clock p.m. regiment commenced crossing to the north side of the Tennessee River. Air is very chilly. Report says the rebs are coming in force. I think it is only rumor.

27th—Sunday. In camp north of the Tennessee river. Considerable excitement prevails. Citizens are in by hundreds and report Bragg’s whole army is moving on us from the most reliable sources. Probably only a part of his forces are coming. 6 o’clock p.m. [Frank] Woolford & [Robert K.] Byrd’s Brigades have been skirmishing with the enemy for the last two days. Our forces are giving back. The trains belonging to the above named brigades came in this evening and crossed to this side. The general opinion is that we will have a fight here tomorrow. I feel better.

28th—Half past 9 o’clock, the ball has opened. They have commenced shelling our boys near Philadelphia 6 miles from here. Half past 10 o’clock have orders to march to meet the enemy. 15 minutes before 11, commenced marching. Went a mile south of town and remained in line of battle. Everything you [look] at proves that we will have a heavy engagement with the enemy in the [ ].

29th—The enemy retired during the night and has gone back the way they came. Ten o’clock have orders to return to the north side of the river and camp. Our cavalry was reinforced by 2500 last night. They will follow the enemy.

30th—We have heard heavy cannonading in the southwest. Think our cavalry has engaged the enemy. We still are encamped north of the Tennessee river. Got a letter from G. W. Mc.

OCTOBER 1863

October 1, 1863—Nothing transpired today of unusual nature.

October 2—Heard from G. W. R. M. [Henry] Poppleman went to the hospital Had battalion drill today for the first time. Our provost guard returned today. Dress Parade this evening.

4th—Sundsay and very lonesome it is too. Had dress parade in the afternoon. Made a very good appearance. No news of interest. Everything is dull.

5th—Weather very cool. Battalion drill this morning and at two o’clock this afternoon. Dress Parade at 6 p.m. No news this evening.

6th—Made our requisitions for clothing. Did not have Dress Parade this evening. Am very anxious to hear from home. Have not got a letter from my wife for seven weeks and it seems like seven years. Commenced messing with captain and lieutenants.

7th—Everything is dismal today. Has rained all day. Nothing of interest transpired.

8th—Had Battalion DRill at 9 in the morning and at 2 this afternoon. Dress Parade at half past 5. James Meeks, Charles Kline, Philip J. Millhoff and George Baker who was left at Lexington, Kentucky, Convalescent Camp returned this evening looking hearty.

9th—Charles D. Keck returned. No drilling today as it is set apart for the boys to wash and clean themselves. Weather cool.

10th—A day long to be remembered by the 118th as the first trial we have had since we left home. How gratifying it is to the soldier to know that he is not forgotten by those at home. Got eight letters from my wife. All are well at home.

11th—Came out on picket last evening. Was very cold last night. Feel very bad. Got a headache which pains me very much.

12th—Nothing special today. All is quiet. Gaining some.

13th—Election day. Our company voted 50 for [John] Brough and 23 for [Clement] Vallandigham. Everything passed off quietly.

14th—It rained all day. Charles Kline and P. Millhoff was detailed to go to the Elgin Battery.

15th—Went foraging but did not get anything. Rained in the evening very hard.

16th—Nothing transpired today worth writing. Wrote to [brother] Hiram & G. W. Mc.

17th—Wrote to my wife today. Was inspected by Capt. Spain. The boys are clearing off ground for winter quarters.

18th—Sunday has rained pretty near all day. Nothing of interest transpired worthy of writing.

19th—Have been busy all day making invoices and posting our clothing book.

20th—One o’clock cannonading in the direction of Philadelphia. 2 o’clock ordered across the river. Wolford’s Cavalry is [ ]. The whole brigade is either captured or have cut their way through. Bivouacked for night.

21st—[illegible]…Our boys have run the rebs beyond Philadelphia. Was on picket last [night]. Did not sleep any.

22nd—9 o’clock a.m. was ordered back across the river. Firing in the direction of Philadelphia. 2 o’clock was ordered back across to the south side of river. Was ordered to detail 32 men to [ ]. 7 o’clock p.m. was ordered back across the river. Are now snug in our tents. The 9th Army Corps came up today. Wolford’s Cavalry have been skirmishing with the enemy all day. Guard back to the north side of the river.

23rd—Has rained continuously all day. No news.

24th—Gen. Burnside and staff came on train last night. A forward movement has begun. Cannonading has been very [ ] this evening. We have orders to be ready at a moment’s notice. [ ] working on the railroad today laying the track.

25th—Quite unexpectedly the Rebs left us last night retreating in the direction of Sweetwater.

26th—There has been some excitement today. We are getting used to the reports of the enemy being upon us. Our men are in line of battle but we have [illegible].

27th—Nothing transpired [illegible.

28th—[Illegible] men have been crossing the river all night. Just as we started from camp the locomotive that we ferried across the river was run backwards of the abutment into the river. James H. Clawson, George Martin & Joseph Beckman [sent as [ ] to Knoxville for rails. Camped for the night 1.5 miles from Loudon near Gen. White’s [?] Headquarters.

29th—At ten o’clock, moved out on the Knoxville road one mile farther and camped. We have nothing to eat today. Captain & Lieutenants dissolved the mess arrangement. Capt. and I have gone into a mess of our own.

30th—Capt. went and procured some corn meal and fresh pork. Have plenty to eat. Has rained pretty near all day. Very disagreeable.

31st—Was inspected today by Col. Young and have been very busy making our payrolls.

NOVEMBER 1863

November 1st, 1863—Has ben a very pleasant day. Our company goes on picket tonight. 6 o’clock on picket at B__’s Ford four miles above Loudon, Tennessee. The Rebels are on the opposite side the river on the same duty. We are close enough for to talk to them but have no shot at them nor will not. They are very friendly—talk to us pretty near all the time.

November 2, 1863—I have been very busy today making out our payrolls. Got them completed before dark. Jacob Flowers was sent to company to be reported as private, they having no more use for him as a musician. Weather clear and nice. Got a letter from my wife this evening. Milton Schroyer returned.

3rd—Went out foraging today. Got half bushel eat. Had to pay at the rate of $1.50 per bushel. I think it is rather steep. Was at Lenoir Station. It is considerable of a place for Tennessee as it can boast of a spinning factory & cotton mill.

4th—Everything presents the appearance of rain. Nothing new from the front.

5th—Finished making our quarterly reports. There is some hopes of our getting our clothing.

6th—Our company goes out on picket tonight. Nothing of interest has transpired in camp today.

7th—Was very cold last night as we was on picket. I had to lay out in the open air and it went pretty severe. Drew our clothing this evening but did not get half enough for the company.

8th—Everything is quiet today. No news.

9th—It is very cold today. At 3 o’clock received orders to be ready to march at 4 p.m. Started for Kingston, Roane county, Tenn. (Snowing some—the first we have had this winter.)

10th—The biggest part of our brigade was left on the road last night. About two hundred get to Kingston at 4 a.m. The balance is scattered on the road between here and Loudon. The 25th Michigan played out and camped on the road. About fifty of the 80th Indiana came through.

11th—Have laid in camp all day. Nothing interesting.

12th—Everything quiet. Went to mill today. Capt. [William D.] Stone was put under arrest today.

13th—Has rained some today.

14th—Our company was ordered out on picket at 3 o’clock. The report came that rebs crossed at Huff’s Ferry 1 mile below Loudon. Has rained wondrous today—got very wet. Our regiment crossed to Clinch river and camped on the hill above. Our company was sent with Co. E to guard the wagon train. Returned to the regiment at 9 o’clock. Raining very hard at the time.

15th—Have laid in camp all day. Rebs are reported coming this way from Loudon. They run against our pickets near town Kingston in the evening. At p.m., received orders to be ready to move at a moment’s warning with all the provision we have cooked.

16th—Left camp at half past 4 a.m., marched to Kingston, took position nesar town and threw out our skirmishers. Ten thousand rumors afloat as to the numbers of the enemy. Some say that we are nicely “gobbled.” Big thing, but I “can’t see it.” About noon our regiment relieved the 25th Michigan that was supporting one section of the Elgin Battery three-fourths of a mile from town on the Loudon road. Rumor says the rebs have crossed the Clinch River 12 miles above us and are trying to get in our rear. Capt. Stone was relieved from arrest this morning.

17th—No news of any importance today. This evening four men were detailed to report at 9 o’clock for special duty. We still occupy the camp on the west side of the Clinch River.

18th—Have lain in camp all day. Nothing exciting. Capt. Stone was ordered under arrest again by Col. [Thomas L.] Young, commanding the regiment. The four men detailed last evening went with an expedition commanded by Capt. [Rudolph] Reul, Co. F, 188th OVI to surprise the rebel picket post on the south side of the Tennessee river. They succeeded in capturing 6 men and 8 horses. The names of them four men is Joseph Stein, Andrew Wolfrom, Henry Tholemeir, and Bernard Scholtz. This evening we had rations of corn on the cob issued to us. It certainly ain’t far to the bottom of the meal tub when it comes to that.

19th—Received ordered at 6 o’clock to have all the rations cooked by noon that we have. At 11 o’clock p.m. was ordered into line and marched to Kingston, took position on the hill above and southeast of town.

20th—Remained there until 20th at 8 o’clock a.m., returned to camp and got our breakfast. At 12 p.m., received orders to fall in. Marched to town and took our old position above town. 5 p.m., returned to camp. Raining some.

21st—2nd Lieutenant Abram Wancop, 2 sergeants, 4 corporals, and 25 privates on picket today. It rained all last night very hard. Has cleared off and everything looks nice this evening. We remained in our camp without being disturbed today.

22nd November 1863—Nothing f interest has transpired today. Has rained some today.

23rd—This evening Lt. Amos J. Moore [Co. H] starts with the boat for Chattanooga. Wrote a letter to my wife and brother and sent by him.

[Editor’s Note: Clum’s following diary entry describes the repulse of Joseph Wheeler’s cavalry attack on the Loudon Road near Kingston, which was defended by soldiers commanded by Col. Robert K. Byrd. The Union forces were outnumbered by two to one but Wheeler supposed differently and retreated before noon.]

24th—Received orders at 8 a.m. to move. Crossed the pontoon and took position east of town. There has been considerable firing all morning. At 11 a.m. the firing increased. The Elgin Battery [Renwick’s Elgin Battery Illinois Light Artillery] has opened on them. Our cavalry is skirmishing with theirs. The Elgin does poor work. The shells burst soon after leaving the gun. They have now got one gun from the 5th Indiana Battery (Rodman Gun). It works finely. Towards the middle of the afternoon, the firing ceased and soon quiet was returned with an occasional shot from the battery at long range. At 5 p.m., received orders to return to camp.

25th—Left camp at 4 a.m. and marched to Kingston & took the position we had yesterday. At 9 a.m., received orders to return to camp as the rebs have left us. Our loss yesterday was one man killed and eight wounded. The one killed was done by our [own] battery, the shell bursting soon after leaving the gun and near our men. There is an eclipse on the moon this evening—almost total. Capt. [William] Stone got up a paper and got the company to sign it in reference to his arrest and to the charges contained therein. The Boys all signed it that was here.

26 November 1863—Last night our forces was all moved to the north side of the Clinch river. At 8 p.m. our regiment was ordered to move to Kingston. Took position on the Loudon road. Three rebs came in and gave themselves up. They report the enemy to have gone to Knoxville to reinforce Longstreet. They have Burnside surrounded at Knoxville.

27th—Company is on picket today. Weather very cold. No news today. Relieved by Co. H.

28th—Have been making a pip all day—a pretty looking thing it is too. Nothing from the front today. The report has come in that [George H.] Thomas has whipped Bragg badly [at Chattanooga]. A good many prisoners and several cannon.

29th—Made our monthly report today. The company is on picket. Wrote home to Mother. Very cold. The wind keen and cutting. The boys on picket suffer very much.

30th—Company was relieved by a company of the 16th Kentucky. Got to camp at 2 o’clock. Regiment was inspected by Col. Young. No news.

DECEMBER 1863

December 1, 1863—Weather has been very cold for the last 3 days. I think if I live to get home, I can appreciate the enjoyments. Regiment is ordered on picket at 8 o’clock. My health is most excellent. Never been any better in my life. Our company is posted on the Loudon road half mile from Kingston. Thomas Clawson went to regimental hospital.

2nd—The advance pickets was fired on in part of the night. We still occupy the same position. 5 o’clock p.m. everything quiet.

3rd—Still on picket on the Loudon Road half mile from Kingston. The 3rd Tennessee came in today and the 2nd Tennessee started for Lebanon, Tennessee today. At half past 6 o’clock was ordered to camp. Got to camp at 8 o’clock. Received orders to move everything cooked that we have.

4th—Received orders to march at 4 o’clock a.m. Started at 12 o’clock. Crossed the pontoon to the south side of Clinch river. Started on the Loudon road. [illegible] and at 3 o’clock we commenced skirmishing with the enemy. Our regiment led the advance. We soon brought up our artillery and gave them a few shells when they fled from this [ ] till dark. We continued our advance skirmishing as we went. At sundown we come up to their encampment just twenty minutes after they had left. From this time our advance was slow as they cut trees across the road to obstruct our advance. At 11 p.m. camped at a rebel city [by] the name of Locky. Did not get to sleep until after 2 in the morning. John Barker, Thomas Clawson, Thomas Winn, and Henry Poppleman left at Kingston.

5th—Left Locky’s at 11 a.m. Started on the Loudon road. Our regiment is in the rear today. The roads are very bad as it rained this morning. At 4 p.m., camped four miles from Loudon, distance traveled 7 miles. Everything looks dreary. Nothing to eat but what we brought in our haversacks and not any prospect of getting anymore. The Boys are very much down in the mouth as they never wanted to see Loudon again. It certainly is [the] most God forsaken country I ever saw. Joseph Beckman and William Bates returned to the company.

6th—Have been in camp all day. Nothing of interest. Corporals [William F.] Cary and Edward Huston returned from Chattanooga today. They report that Gen. Thomas has completely annihilated Bragg’s army and is driving them toward Atlanta, Georgia. Got ordered to be in readiness to move at daylight in the morning.

8th—Left camp at 7 a.m. Started on the Knoxville road. Weather very nice for marching. Roads tolerable good. We passed Lenoir at 9 a.m. Arrived [ ]. What property has been destroyed there. Wagons, ammunition and other property. Commenced raining at three o’clock. The roads very slippery. Hard traveling. As we neared Campbell’s Station we began to see evidence of their having been an engagement [see Battle of Campbell’s Station on 16 November 1863]. Then soon we came to where some of the boys were buried—some 8 in number. Here too we begin to see the damage done by our shot and shell. Just in the edge of town we saw a large [ ] some 3 feet in diameter that was torn almost asunder by a solid shot. One house had been pierced by 6 solid shot. They made sad havoc. At 5 p.m., camped for the night 9 miles from Knoxville. Distance traveled [ ] miles.

9th—Left camp at 7.30 a.m. Nothing of interest transpired on the road. Arrived at Knoxville at half past 2 o’clock p. m. As we neared the town we began to see the destructiveness of some houses burned, gardens plowed by the war horse and shell. In fact, everything outside of our rifle pits and fortifications was a heap of ruins. Not a fence to be seen as far as the eye could reach. As we got to the edge of town, George McDaniel met us. He seemed as glad to see us as though we had been parted for years and I was glad to see him. Josiah P. Burt joined his company at Knoxville today. 10 p.m. received orders to march at daylight.

10th—Marched at 7.30 a.m. on the Greenville road. Went 15 miles and camped in a field (camp called Camp Burnside)

11th—Are still in Camp Burnside. We look for the paymaster.

12th—Everything is quiet in camp. No news of any importance. Is raining some this evening.

13th—Weather cold. Can see the snow capped mountains. A very grand scene for one that has never seen them. Sergt. Joseph Marshall, Peter Clawson, and Perry Clawson returned to the company. The two former was on detached service in Mass., the latter in Ohio.

14th—Weather still very cold in Camp Burnside.

15th—Was paid off by E. Beecher for four months. At 12 p.m. started on the march toward Rutledge. Marched 14 miles. Was ordered back 4 miles where we went to camp at 10.30 p.m. I went back 2.5 miles after Lt. [John] Rhodes. Arrived in camp at 12 p.m.

December 16, 1863—Our brigade come to us from Rutledge [illegible] …the entire wagon train of 2nd Brigade and Wolford’s Cavalry was started in the direction of Knoxville. 2 p.m., our company is informed of [ illegible] on the road…was called in at 5 p.m. The entire brigade is [illegible] east from crossroads. We joined our regiment at 6 p.m. At 8 p.m., company was detached for picket. Rebs within two miles. [illegible]

17th—It rained hard all night and until 10 a.m. Very muddy. Cannonading commenced on our right and front. Was relieved from picket at 8 p.m. Our regiment was throwing up rifle pits all last night.

18th—It is getting colder today. Rations of bread [illegible].

19th—Capt. was released from arrest this evening. Weather still very cold.

20th—Moved our camp this evening nearer to woods & water. Weather still very cold.

21st—I went out foraging. Got two little pigs. Walked about 15 miles.

22nd—Been in camp all day. Still very cold.

23rd—Sergt. Enos Herrod returned to company from hospital.

24th—Wrote home today. Have been in camp all day.

25 December 1863—Christmas has come once more and finds me still in the service of Uncle Sam. Left camp at 6 a.m. Got to Strawberry Plains at 12 a.m. Left that place at 8 o’clock. Marched to New Market, distance traveled 18 miles. Got to New Market at 1 a.m.

26th—Moved out on the Dandridge road 1.5 miles and camped. Have had no provision for 2 days. The boys are killing hogs.

27 December 1863—Left Camp Hog one and a half miles south of New Market on the Dandridge road at 3 p.m. Marched to New Market and took the Mossy Creek road. Went four miles and camped near the creek. Raining very hard, Roads slippery & rough. Forage plenty.

28th—Our darky cook Lewis went home. Sun shining bright. No news.

29th—At 11 a.m., got orders to fall in as there had been heavy firing of artillery and musketry all morning. We expected to have hot work. Immediately we fell in. We was marched to the extreme front on the double quick—a distance of half a mile. We immediately took up position on the left of the road that leads to Morristown and in a strip of timber. The 18th Indiana Battery was about 200 yards to our left and rear. By this time the rebs had got their battery in position and commenced shelling us and they put them in thick & fast, falling around and among us. After remaining under fire for two hours, we was ordered to charge on them so we did, routing them and killing a good many. They now opened on us with grape and canister shot but the most of it went over our heads and doing but little damage.

After being under fire for 3.5 hours, we was ordered to fall back a half mile to the crest of a hill which we did in good order. As we fell back, our enemy withdrew, leaving us in possession of the field. Those of our regiment and wounded who was not gotten off the field when we fell back was stripped of all their clothing, even to socks. At 10 p.m. we was ordered to camp, All feel very tired. Our loss in the regiment was 32 wounded & 5 killed. In Co. [C], 1 wounded—Sergt. Joseph Marshall.

30th—Have been in camp all day. Nothing [heard] of the enemy. Weather very cold.

31st—Weather awful cold and our Boys have but very little clothing to cover themselves. In fact, the most of them cannot cover their nakedness.

JANUARY 1864

January 1st 1864—Today another in the New Year. A “Happy Pleasant New Year.” How I would like to be home to spend the day with my wife and friends. It would be happiness beyond conception. But it is an impossibility at this time but I hope the day is not far distant when I can return to home & friends to part no more. Nothing of interest has transpired in camp. Very cold indeed.

2nd—Was inspected today by Col. Young. No news of importance today.

3rd—Our cavalry has been in line of battle all morning. The rebs drove in our pickets. Some prospect of another fight soon. Started at dark for New Market in company with Sergt. Schwartz to see Sergt. Joseph Marshall who was wounded on the 29th ulto.

4th—Returned to camp this morning. Marshall is better. No news.

5th—Still in camp near Mossy Creek.

6th—Had a [ ] today, No news of interest.

7th—Weather very cold. Snowing some this evening. The boys are very near naked. If it don’t keep warm, I hardly know what we will do. Almost freeze, I fear. Some of the boys are bare footed.

8th—Last night was very cold. Nothing new today.

9th—Still very cold. Went foraging today.

10th—Sunday has come again. Moved camp half mile to west in the woods. Nice camping ground.

11th—Sun shines warm and pleasant.

12th—No news of importance.

13th—get two letters from home.

14th—Everything quiet.

15th—No news.

16th—Heard cannonading toward Dandridge today.

17th—There has been heavy cannonading in the direction of Dandridge. Nothing new in our front.

18th—Marched at 2 a.m. The roads are very slippery & bad. Got to Strawberry Plain at 11 a.m. Camped 1 mile up the Holston River. Has rained very hard and still continues. From every appearance, we are in full retreat towards Knoxville. It is currently reported in camp that Longstreet has been reinforced by 30,000 from Lee’s army.

19th—10 a.m. no news to relate. The same rumors are offered today that we heard yesterday. 12 M got orders to strike tents and load wagons. At 5 p.m. the wagons moved across the river. The regiment still in camp under marching orders.

20th—Still in camp ready to move at moment’s warning. Left camp at 1 p.m. Our Brigade went to forage 5 miles toward New Market. Got 200 bushels of wheat at a mill. The rebel pickets was near the mill. Had considerable skirmishing while we loaded the wagons. We captured one prisoner. Returned to camp by 8 p.m.

21st—At 2 a.m. was ordered to march. Crossed the river Holston and went two miles and camped. 11 a.m., left camp and marched on the railroad 9 miles toward Knoxville. Cannonading in the rear. Bivouac in an open field.

22nd—Sun shines pleasant. At 11 a.m., commenced falling back. Firing in front. The 9th Army Corps has come in. Moved in line of battle for 3 miles through woods over stone, rock, and everything. Halted at 4 p.m. 4 miles from Knoxville.

23rd—Bivouacked 4 miles from Knoxville. Has been very little firing this morning. This has been the longest day I have seen in Tennessee. Company on picket tonight.

24th—Sunday morning. Sun shines very pleasant this morning. At 3 p.m. company was ordered to join the regiment. Marched 4 miles in northwest direction. Camp was dark in woods 6 miles from Knoxville.

25th—Nothing of importance. Co. in camp 6 miles from Knoxville. Reported this evening that picket post of ours was captured last night. Wrote home.

26th—Rations short. Weather nice.

27th—Company on picket in command of Capt. [Edgar] Sowers [of Co. I]. Skirmishing southwest of us with the 13th Kentucky. Everything is packed ready to move. The rebs are lurking around.

28th—Co. was relieved on picket by Co. H and I. Sun shining pleasantly this evening. Moved camp half mile from here on Knoxville road.

29th—Everything quiet in camp.

30th—Nothing of interest today.

31st—Was to Knoxville. Saw the Boys. They are well. No news.

FEBRUARY 1864

February 1st 1864—Nothing of interest has transpired. It rained some. Lt. [Abram] Wancop started home today.

2nd—Was inspected by Capt. Mosier, 80th Indiana. Weather very nice. Company in good health. Joseph Shaffer sent to the hospital at Knoxville. Capt. Stone is Field Officer of the Day.

3rd—Moved or rather exchanged camps with the 13th Kentucky Our regiment is transferred to 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division, 23rd Army Corps.

4th—Company on picket with Capt. [Samuel] Kennedy of Co. G and Lt. A. J. Moore of Co. H. Some told Rebs advancing on us soon. Hardly think they will. Weather nice for season of year.

February 5th—No news of importance. Looks like rain soon.

6th—Rained last [night]. Got word that the Confeds had sent a Commissioner to Washington. Ask [ ] towards their officers as has been granted their men.

7th—Nothing of interest has transpired. Capt. Stone placed under arrest.

8th—No news. Commenced Battalion drill.

9th—Joseph Stein returned to company from hospital for duty. Capt. Stone court martial commenced. I am witness vs. him. Gen. Schofield arrived at Knoxville. Takes command of 23rd Army Corps.

10th—Get a letter from my wife and one from mother. Am glad to report that things are all right at home.

11th—Nothing of importance transpired today.

12th—Went to town today. Weather was fine. Get word that Harvey Ellis of Co. C] is dead. He died the 23rd of January at New Market, Tennessee.

13th—Regiment was on Brigade drill. Wrote home to my wife and Mother this evening. Looks very much like rain. Weather warm.

14th—Sunday. Company inspection at 3 p.m.

15th—Very cold. No news.

16th—Was inspected by Capt. of 111th Ohio. Weather still very cold. Got a letter from home. Sergt. E. Herrod to hospital.

17th—Last night was very cold. Moved camp 1 mile east of railroad. Capt. Stone went to hospital.

18th—Wrote home to my wife.

19th—Had Battalion Drill in afternoon. No news.

20th—Saw Major General Stoneman at Corps Headquarters—a very plain man with the [ ] vanity about him,

21st—Was in line of battle by 4 a.m. Remained until 6.30 a.m. Struck tents and had everything ready to move by 9 a.m. The excitement had subsided. It’s reported that our cavalry had went out toward the Plains and got frightened at a few rebel cavalry.

22nd—Was reviewed by Lt. Col. of [ ]. of Gen. Grant’s staff. Drew several clothes today, Lt. Atchison has been assigned to our company. Looks loke rain. Do not feel well this evening.

23rd—[illegible]

24th—Marched at [illegible].

25th—Have laid in camp [illegible].

26th—Our boys that was left at camp day before yesterday came up this morning. At 11 a.m. was ordered to take our knapsacks to the railroad and be ready to move at moment’s notice. Weather nice and warm. Get two days rations last night.

27th—Marched at 5.30 a.m. Was ferried across the Holston River. At Strawberry Plains by 10 a.m. Marched 1 mile east of river and camped. Distance marched 2.5 miles.

28th—Laid in camp all day. No news.

29th—Was mustered by Maj. Lester Bliss. 19 absent. Marched at 3 p.m. Raining very hard. Roads very slippery. Camped near New Market. Distance 9 miles…

MARCH 1864

1st March 1864—Got Corp. {Harvey] Ellis’ miniature and other effects. Marched at 5 p.m. Raining Camped at 1.30 p.m. 4 miles from Morristown. Raining very hard.

2nd—Has cleared off. Sun shines very pleasant. 4th Army Corps returning. Moved camp 1 mile east at 10 a.m. Marched at dark on retreat toward Mossy Creek. Roads very bad. Got to Mossy Creek at 1 a.m.

3rd—Camped near church at Mossy Creek at 1 a.m. Bivouacked for night.

4th—Laid in camp all day. Had Dress Parade at 5 p.m. Drum Major Weis was taken prisoner while bringing up an ambulance from rear.

5th—Had Dress Parade at 5 p.m. The 3rd Tennessee had a skirmish with Rebs 5 miles. Our loss 23 prisoners, 21 killed, 3 wounded.

6th—Sent Andrew Kistner to the hospital Knoxville. Had inspection at 10 a.m. Sun shines very pleasant. No news.

7th—Mahlon Erwin on detached duty at headquarters. Weather pleasant.

8th—Had Battalion Drill in afternoon. Dress Parade also.

9th—12 M. Drew 3 days rations and marched at 3 p.m. on Morristown road. Bivouacked 2.5 miles west of Morristown. Distance marched 10.5 miles. Company on picket.

10th—[ ] Marched forward, our cavalry force of 20 men in advance. As our cavalry was entering Morristown, they was fired on by the rebel pickets (100 men). They immediately fell back to our regiment which was deployed to right and left of town. Our Co. C on the right. As we advanced, they fired a few scattering shots from behind the houses and fell back as we advanced. We followed them a half mile beyond town and were halted. Fell back at 12 M. Reached Mossy Creek at 4.30. Distance marched 17 miles.

11th—Laid in camp. Feel very unwell. Drew three days rations.

12th—Regiment moved at 7 a.m. Feel very sick. Was left behind. Train came up at 12 M. and went on to Morristown. 4 p.m. got on cars and came to Knoxville by 7 p.m.

13th—Stayed last night with George Mc[Daniel]. Went to hospital No. 1. Saw Capt. Feel a little better. Have a nice bed and everything to make a man comfortable.

14th—Still in hospital. Feel very bad.

15th—Some better. Weather very cold.

16th—Very cold. No better. Capt. Stone got muster and pay roll blanks for me & I made them out by memory.

17th—Was discharged from hospital No. 1 at 12 M. Boarded the cars and left for Morristown at 1 p.m. Arrived at Morristown 5.30 p.m. Found the regiment. The boys well.

18th—Left Morristown at 7 a.m. on cars. Got to Mossy Creek at 8 a.m. Regiment arrived at 4 p.m. Distance marched 13 miles.

19th—In camp on Mossy Creek, Tennessee. Finished payrolls.

20th—Dennis Kelley and Andrew Wolfrom appointed corporals. Kelley’s to date from January 25th, 1864.

21st—Still i ncamp near Mossy Creek. Nothing of interest.

22nd—Snowing very hard this morning. 4 p.m. regiment went up picket. Snow 10 inches deep. Company on advance picket. Relieved 23rd Michigan.

23rd—Sun shines very bright. Now melting very fast. Was relieved by 25th Michigan at 4 p.m.

24th—Capt. Stone went to hospital at Knoxville, East Tennessee. Skirmish and Battalion Drill. No news of importance.

March 25, 1864—Rained last night and at intervals today. Everything quiet in front.

26th—Raining some this morning. No news.

27th—Nothing has transpired worthy of note this morning. Major Beecher paid the company. Joseph Marshall, Enos Herrod, William Bates, I. Burk, William Clements, George Hedrick, Francis M. Hinton, Andrew Kistner, George McDaniel, George Martin, W. Preston, A. Soupp [?]. Joseph Shaffer, [ ], W. Joseph Stein did not get their pay.

28th—Sent our money home by State Agent. I sent $150. Company sent $1,585.

29th—At 4 p.m. regiment went on picket. Relieved the 111th Ohio. Turned very cold. Snowing some.

30th—Was relieved at 4 p.m. Drew two days rations.

31st—My birthday. 24 years old. Time flies fast.

APRIL 1864

April 1, 1864—The 3rd Division and cavalry left early this morning toward Morristown, Got orders at 9 a.m. to be ready to march at moment’s warning. Had inspection at 9.30 a.m. No news of interest. Received orders at noon to proceed with Sergt. George Black to Strawberry Plains and bring company desks. Got to Strawberry Plains at 7.30 p.m.

2nd—Left Strawberry Plains at 10 a.m. get to camp at Mossy Creek 12 M. J. C. Johnson & George Dunwoody detached.

3rd—No news. All is quiet. Raining some today.

4th—Rained all night and all today. Have orders to be ready to move at moment’s warning.

5th—Moved camp at 3 p.m. 1 mile north. Went on picket at 6 p.m. Relieved the 23rd Michigan. Raining some.

6th—Was relieved by 13th Kentucky at 5 p.m.

7th—One recruit came to our company by the name of Christian Baugher of Liberty township, Mercer county, Ohio. Battalion Drill in afternoon.

8th—Battalion drill at 2 p.m. I had command of [ th] Company. Drew rations. 1 recruit [ ]

9th—George R. McDaniel came up on train from Plains. I was glad to see him. No drill today.

10th—George went back on train, Got a letter from Sarah. One from mother.

11th—Battalion Drill in afternoon. No news of any importance from the front.

12th—Went on picket at 5 p.m. Relieved 25th Michigan. Lieut. Owens in command. Rained very hard.

13th—A very pleasant day. Was relieved by the 13th Kentucky.

14th—Nothing of interest.

15th—ditto.

16th—Samuel Austin [ ]

17th—H. Mann and E. Thompson came to company.

18th—No news.

19th—Nickerson took command of company.

20th—George Austin joined company.

21st—Everything quiet.

22nd—Sergt. Herrod, William Preston and Andrew Kistner returned to company from hospital.

23rd—Gen. Schofield reviewed our Division.

24t—Received orders to be ready to move in the morning. The ofer was countermanded at 9 p.m.

25th—Col. Young, Lt. Wancop and Lt. Robbins returned to the regiment. Have orders to move in the morning at 5 a.m.

26th—Marched at 5 a.m. Passed through New Market reaching Strawberry Plains at 12 M. Get dinner. Marched at 1 p.m. Camped at Flat Rock Creek at 4. Distance 14 miles.

27th—Marched at 5 a.m Arrived at Knoxville at 12 M. Camped 2 miles west of Knoxville, Distance marched 18 miles.

28th—Marched at 5 a.m., raining slightly. Passed through Loveland [?] and stopped at Campbell’s Station half hour. Arrived Lenoir at 4 p.m. Camped near Loudon at 6 p.m. Distance marching 24 miles.

29th—Marched at 5 a.m. Passed through Loudon at 6 a.m through Philadelphia at 9 a.m. through Sweetwater at 12:30 p.m. [illegible]. Capt. Myers, privates Thompson & Barker left at Loundon for transportation. Camped at 6 p.m. Distance marched 19 miles.

30th—Marched at 5 a.m. Passed through Athens at 10 a.m. Roads in poor condition for traveling. Water plenty of good. Camped at 5 p.m. within 1 mile of Charleston. Distance marching 21 miles. John Clements and Peter Clawson missing [?].

MAY 1864

1 May 1864—Rained all night. Drew rations in the morning. Trains have come up. Moved camp south 3/4 mile near Hiawassee River.

2nd—Made out muster tolls. Was mustered by Col. Young. Have orders to march in morning. Lt. Abram O. Wancop took command of company. Lt. Nicherson relieved.

3rd—Marched at 5.30 a.m. Crossing Hiawassee River. Passed through Charleston. Roads in good condition. Passed Cleveland at 12 M. Camped at 6 p.m. at Blue Springs. Thomas Ramsey returned from Corps Headquarters. William Preston started for [illegible].

4th—We started at 6 a.m. [illegible] good condition. Stopped at 1 p.m. at Red Clay, Georgia. [illegible]

5th—Laid in camp all day. Nothing of interest has transpired.

6th—Finished my muster rolls and signed it myself as commander of the company at this time. Capt. [William D.] Stone returned to company last night and assumed command of the company today. Have orders to be ready to march at 3.30 in the morning. Everything denotes that tomorrow the fight commences in the morning. I think it will be one of the most bloody of the war. How well I would like to see my wife but it is an impossibility.

“Everything denotes that tomorrow the fight commences in the morning. I think it will be one of the most bloody of the war. How well I would like to see my wife but it is an impossibility.“

7th—Marched at 5 a.m. in a western direction. Halted about 12 M at Snicker’s Gap 14 miles from Dalton. Camped near Snicker’s Gap. Distance traveled 8 miles.

8th—Marched at 6 a.m. Regiment was sent with artillery by Snicker’s Gap, then turned in a souther direction. Joined the Division at the foot of Rocky Face Mountain. Bivouacked for the night at same place.

9th—Moved south at 9 a.m. Our regiment in the advance next to skirmishers. Skirmished very heavy for 2.5 miles. The Rebs dispute the ground inch by inch. At 4 p.m. our skirmishers drove the Rebs into their rifle pits. Two of our regiment wounded today. At dusk, Co. C and D went on skirmish line as pickets and skirmishers.

10th—This morning our company skirmished very heavy. The Rebs was busy all night making rifle pits. Could hear them talking very plain. At 9 a.m. commenced falling back slowly. Been out on the Rocky Face Mountain.

11th—Laid in camp all forenoon. This afternoon went to see my brother [Hiram] in Co. K., 40th OVI. saw him for the first time in three years. Returned by 10 p.m.

[Editor’s Note: Hiram Clum died of wounds in a hospital at Chattanooga on 20 June 1864.]

12th—Marched at 7 a.m. Passed Tunnel Station. Marched 12 miles. Camped at 5 p.m.

13th—Marched at 4 a.m Passed through Snake Gap. Then moved north. Heavy cannonading all day. Bivouacked for the night.

May 14th, 1864—Moved at 6 a.m. in northeast direction. Firing very heavy this morning. At 3 p.m. our Brigade was ordered to charge their rifle pits. Our regiment had to go down a steep precipice and then cross a creek [Camp Creek]. The order then came to forward. We had a field to cross some 20 rods [110 yards] to reach them but we never got more than half way across, they poured in such a murderous fire from entrenchments that no troops could stand. The casualties of Co. C is as follows—three killed and fourteen wounded, one missing. Bivouacked for the night near battleground. Names of killed and wounded for Co. C, 118th OVI:

Killed—George Baker, Pvt., Joseph Beckman, Pvt., and James H. Clauson [Clawson], Pvt.

Wounded:

Wm. D. Stone, Capt.
Abram O. Wancop, 2nd Lt.
George M. Thompson, 2nd Lt.
James W. McDaniel, Corp.
Dennis Kelley, Corp.
George Austin, Pvt.
Christian Baugher, Pvt.
John Barker, Pvt.
Perry Clauson [Clawson], Pvt.
Stephen Johnston, Pvt.
Charles D. Keck, Pvt.
Andrew Kistner, Pvt.
Henry Tholemeir, Pvt.
Andrew Wolfrom, Pvt.
Francis M___, Pvt.

Missing—Jacob Flowers.

Col. Young ordered me take men and go and get our dead and wounded off the field. Was all night at it—a mournful task.

May 15th, 1864—Marched at 10 a.m. in northeast direction to support Gen. Hooker. They charged the enemy’s fort and took it, captured 4 pieces of artillery. I have been very unwell all day. Fell behind the regiment at dark. Distance 5 miles.

16th—Caught up with the regiment this morning. The Rebs have deserted their works last night. Marched at 10 a.m. Passed through Resaca. Waded the Conasauga River. Distance 10 miles.

17th—Marched at 4 p.m. in southeast direction until 12 at night. Camped near a large spring. The enemy is still flying before us. Distance 12 miles.

18th—Marched at 5 a.m. on Atlanta road. Distance marched 9 miles. The boys went for everything that was eatable along the road. The country looks much better here than it did north of Dalton. All are Rebels here. Get two letters from my wife with several from others.

19th—Marched at 8 a.m. on Atlanta Road. The cavalry bring in quite a number of prisoners. Our forces are pushing them very fast. The prisoners say that they won’t fight us any more as their army is so demoralized but I cant see it. This afternoon rode in the ambulance. Feel very bad. Regiment camped at dark. Distance marched 11 miles.

20th—Passed through the village of Cassville this morning, driving the Rebels before us. They was pretty strongly entrenched here but we routed them. Skirmishing in front all day. Camped near a creek. Distance marched 8 miles. I have been very weak and sick all day. Feel very bad.

21st—The teams came up this morning. Get orders that we would stay here until day after tomorrow. Doubtful much after today. Surgeon says I must go to the hospital. Came in an ambulance to Cass STation this evening.

22nd—Sunday but it don’t look much like Sabbath to me. Still laying at Cass Station. No news today. Got in the cars in the evening but did not start until after midnight.

23rd—Get to Chattanooga at 3 p.m. Ain’t had much to eat. get my supper ay the Soldiers House. Also my breakfast.

24th—Came to field hospital No. 8. Feel very bad.

25th—Feel better today. Slept very well last night.

26th—Diarrhea set in last night. Feel very bad today. No news of any importance from the front.

27th—Sun shines very pleasant today. Rested very well last night.

28th—No news from the front. Feel some better today.

29th—Today is Sunday. Sun shines very pleasant today.

30th—Heard this morning that Atlanta was ours.

May 31st, 1864—No news today of interest.

JUNE 1864

June 1st 1864—Still in the hospital at Chattanooga, Tennessee. Feel some better today.

2nd—Had a very large blister put on the back of my neck last night. Pains me very much.

3rd—No news from the front. Only as we get it from the wounded that comes in.

4th—Wrote home today. Everything looks gloomy. Has rained for the last 48 hours incessantly. No news.

5th—A good many of the 20th Army Corps came in today. Mostly convalescents. No news from the front.

6th—No news.

7th—Rained all day.

8th—Still continues to rain.

9th—Was to have went to Knoxville but was too late for the cars.

[Editor’s Note: The following note was written in one of the back pages of Clum’s Diary]

Convalescent Hospital at Chattanooga, Tenn.
June [ ] 1864

Yesterday morning a new doctor took charge of our Ward (20). Report says that he is a drafted man from Ohio. At any rate he is a “Green Un” as the boys say. Tries to put on more airs and show his authority than any Major General in the service.

10th—Rained all day.

11th—Everything quiet.

12th—Sunday. Write home today.

13th—Rained today.

14th—Weather nice and clear. My head pains me very much.

15th—No news from the front.

16th—The most of our tent mates was sent to Nashville. Soon after all the 23rd Corps was ordered to be ready to go to Knoxville.

17th—Left Chattanooga for Knoxville at 8 a.m. Arrived at latter place at 6 p.m. and put in Asylum Hospital.

18th—Feel very bad today. My bones ache very much. No news of any importance.

19th—Sunday. Feel very much better. Rained very hard this evening.

20th—No news of any importance. This evening quite a number came in from the front. William Bates of our company is one of them.

21st—Looks very much like rain this morning. How well I would like to hear from my wife.

22nd—Walked over in town today. Sun shines very warm.

23rd—No news.

24th—No news.

25th—Rained some today.

26th—Sunday evening. Weather cloudy and warm.

27th—Very warm and sultry.

28th—Walked out to the cemetery this morning. Air cool.

29th—My eyes are very sore. Can scarcely see at all. No news from the front. Was reported that a lot of sick and wounded were coming this evening but they didn’t come.

30th—No news of any importance from the armies.

JULY 1864

July 1st 1864—This evening 400 sick and wounded came up on the train. A good many of our regiment came—nearly all wounded.

2nd—Seen in the Chattanooga Gazette that my brother was wounded in Co. K, 40th Ohio. [He died on 20 June 1864 from his wounds.]

3rd—There is no news of any importance.

4th—July 4th 1864—a very dull day it has been. Had a dinner fixed up in the hospital.

5th—Everything is quiet today. No news from the front.

6th—Have not had a letter from my wife for 8 weeks. It seems that it has been 8 months.

7th—Get a letter from my wife. All well at home. Oh! how glad I was to hear from home.

8th—No news of any importance. Weather very hot.

9th—Rained a little last night. Weather still very warm. Got no papers tonight.

10th—Sunday, got two letters from home. They are all well. Nothing of importance.

11th—Heard that my brother was dead. See his name in Cincinnati Commercial among those interred at Chattanooga June 28th or 29th. His time would have been up in a short time. Hiram—it does seem hard to have to say farewell to one so young as you. For almost three years you crested the fierce tide of this rebellion only to fall a victim to the murderous foe and the deadly gangrene. Brother, it is hard to think of parting. My poor Mother—may God in goodness protect you.

12th—Nothing of interest.

13th—Rained last night. Air cooler.

14th—No news today.

15th—Don’t feel very well. My head pains me very much.

16th—No news from the front nor in the papers.

17th—No news of interest. Weather warm.

18th—Tried to go to my regiment but could not.

19th—Can’t get transportation this morning but could not.

20th—There is no news of any importance. Got the papers this evening.

21st—All is quiet. This is the warmest day I have experienced for some time. Feel very bad. Have a bad headache all day.

22nd—Send in my name for a furlough today. Feel some better.

July 23rd—No news of any importance has transpired here. Some few are going home on furlough. Telegrams from the front report that Atlanta has succumbed to our victorious army.

24th—Sunday has passed and a very lonely day it has been to me. Got the paper Cincinnati Commercial of the 21st. Reported capture of Atlanta with 15,000 prisoners.

25th—Did not get any papers this evening. Have no news of interest.

26th—No news.

27th—Get our furloughs today. Will start for home tomorrow.

28th—Left Knoxville by rail for home in company with John Myers and James W. McDaniel at 7.30 a.m. Got to Chattanooga at 5 p.m. Immediately got on a freight train and started for Nashville.

29th—Got to Nashville at 2.20 p.m. Got transportation and started for Louisville, Kentucky, at 4 p.m.

30th—Got to Louisville at 4 a.m. Got transportation and ferried across the Ohio river by 10 a.m. At 2.20 started to Indianapolis. Arrived there at 9.30 p.m. just in time to be too late for the Belfontaine train.

31st—Sunday. Have to lay here at Soldier’s House [near the Union Depot] all day. Have heard no news. Indianapolis is a miserable, poor looking city. The Capitol Building is a nuisance to the state.

AUGUST 1864

August 1st, 1864—Left Indianapolis at 4 a.m. Got to Union City at 8.20 a.m. Started for Fort Recovery at 9 a.m Arrived there at 4 a.m. Home once more.

[Diary has gap in entries while Clum was on furlough at home.]

August 22nd 1864—Left home for the front.

23rd—Got Louisville this morning. Started for Nashville. got there at 6 p.m.

24th—Left Louisville [Nashville] for Chattanooga at 9 a.m.

[Editor’s note: This draft letter was written in the back of Clum’s diary.]

Nashville, Tenn.
August 24th, 1864

Dear Sarah,

We got here last night after dark and all right but very tired. We start for Chattanooga this morning. There is no news that I can hear of. My pet, you must keep in good heart & don’t get sick. Let me hear from you often. I will write as often as possible. I am well. Goodbye my sweet one.

From — J. S. Clum

25th—get to Chattanooga at 6 a.m. Left for the fromt at 9 a.m.

26th—Get to Marietta at 4 a.m. Found our regimental baggage wagon on the north bank of the Chattahoochee river and will stay with them.

27th—Left with the supply train for the front. Got to Corps Headquarters in the night.

28th—Found George McDaniel and James H. Johnson and have been with them all day.

29th—Got to the company this morning. Moved 2 miles tonight this evening.

30th—Marched at 12 M. to the southeast at dark. Threw up works. Laid over night..

31st—Marched southeast at 8 a.m. through a line of works. Some firing in the front this forenoon. Heavy cannonading this afternoon. Built breastworks.

SEPTEMBER 1864

September 1st 1864—Marched daylight in east direction. Struck the railroad at 11.30 a.m. then followed the railroad for 5 miles. The ties are all bust and the rails bent. Camped at 6 p.m.

2nd—There was a very heavy cannonading in the direction of Atlanta last night. All say it was the heaviest they have heard. Marched at 9 a.m. in southwest direction. Skirmishing commenced in the evening. I and company went on skirmish line.

3rd—Rained very hard in the night. Was shelled considerable today. Relieved from skirmish line in the evening.

4th—No news today. All is quiet except skirmishing. One man wounded in Co. A last night.

5th—Desultory firing along the line today. Marched at 8 p.m. in retreat for Atlanta. Rained very hard. Roads in a very bad condition. Mud knee deep.

6th—Camped this morning at 6 a.m Distance marched 5 miles.

7th—Marched at 9 a.m. on road to Decatur. Camped at dusk. Distance marched 8 miles.

8th—Marched at 6 a.m. Got to Decatur at 12 M and camped. Sergt. Samuel Schwartz and Priv. John Collins and August Saupp returned to company.

9th—Made out monthly returns. Also the monthly. The entire Corps camped near this place (Decatur). No news of importance. Feel very tired. Got my old letters of June. Wrote two home.

10th—Have been busy all day straightening our clothing account. It is quite a job. Wrote to Julia A. Hull.

11th—Sunday. Had an inspection. Very warm. Still at work in clothing account.

12th—Company came off picket and had to go on again. This evening made out a pay roll for July.

13th—Have been on picket all day. 1st Brigade went to Atlanta on a visit. No news. Got a letter from my wife.

14th—No news today.

15th—Regiment went to Atlanta. I did not go. Worked in the pay rolls.

16th—Nothing of interest.

17th—Moved camp today.

18th—Worked all day.

19th—Finished pay rolls and the men signed them.

20th—Made out final statements for [Enos] Herrod, [George] Baker, [Joseph] Beckman, James Clauson, and Thomas Clauson [Clawson]. [all killed in Atlanta Campaign]

21st—Nothing of interest today.

22nd—All is quiet.

23rd—Jack McDaniel and Sipps came to see us.

24th—A part of the company on picket.

25th—Sunday. Rained all day.

26th—Drilled today. Col. Yuung is out of the service.

27th—Not paid yet but we are expecting to be paid soon.

28th—Went to the Engineer Battalion to see George McDaniel. All is quiet here. Raining some.

29th—Drilled today. No news.

30th—Brigade went out to Stone Mountain for forage. Loaded 35 wagons. Plenty of sweet potatoes.

OCTOBER 1864

October 1st 1864—Rained very hard last night. Everything quiet.

2nd—Regiment or rather the Division went out on a reconnoitering expedition today. Returned this evening.

3rd—Received orders to be ready to march at 1 a.m.

4th—Privates. August Saupp and George Austin sent to Atlanta. Marched at 10 a.m. Brigade is guarding wagon train. Distance marched 14 miles.

5th—Traveled all last night or rather worked pushing wagons up the hills. Roads very bad. Got to Marietta at 10 p.m. Regiment is detailed to guard the wagon train.

6th—Marched at 11 a.m. Camped at the foot of Kennesaw Mountain 1.5 miles from Marietta.

7th—Still in camp at Kennesaw. Was on mountain top today.

8th—Marched at 11 a.m. Overtook the Brigade at Pine Mountain. Passed through Acworth at dark. Camped at Altoona at 10 p.m.

9th—Laid in camp today.

10th—Marched at 7 a.m. on the Cartersville Road. Passed through Cartersville. Camped at Cassville at 2 o’clock. Distance marched some 15 miles.

11th—Marched at 6 a.m. Passed through Kingston. Camped at 4 p.m. two miles from Kingston on railroad.

12th—Marched at 7 a.m. Got to Rome at 4 p.m. Marched 15 miles.

13th—Marched at 6 a.m. Passed through Rome on Cedar Bluff Road. Gerard’s Cavalry in the advance. Skirmishing commenced at 8 p.m. During the day captured two pieces of artillery and 75 Johnnies. Got back to Rome at dusk.

14th—Marched at 8 a.m. on road to Calhoun. Camped at 4 p.m. Distance 13 miles.

15th—Marched at 6 a.m. Passed through Calhoun and Resaca. Camped at dark. Traveled 20 miles.

16th—Marched at 6 a.m. Passed through Snake Creek Gap. Camped a dark 4 miles from Gap. Distance 12 miles.

17th—Laid in camp all day.

18th—Marched at 5 a.m. on road to Summersville. Stopped at dark. Distance 16 miles.

19th—Marched at 6 a.m. Passed Summersville at 8 a.m. Camped at dark. Distance 17 miles.

20th—Marched at 6 a.m on road to Gaysville, Alabama. Got into Alabama at 10 a.m. Camped at Gaysville at 1 p.m. Distance 14 miles.

October 21st, 1864—Marched at 12 M. Waded the Chattooga river. Got to Cedar Bluff, Cherokee county, Alabama, at 3 p.m. and built works.

22nd—Laid in camp all day. No news. The Coosa River runs near Cedar Bluff.