The following diary was kept by Gillis James McBane (1829-1914) who proudly boasted of his having been the first white child born in Logansport, Indiana. His parents apparently died early in his life for in the 1850 and 1860 census records he was enumerated with an old brother named Thomas P. McBane (1823-1878) who lived in Anoka, Cass county, Indiana, where he served as the postmaster. Gillis never married and after his brother’s death, went to live in Walla Walla, Washington, and later Moscow, Idaho. It should be noted that the family surname was more likely McBean which is the way it appears on Thomas’s headstone.

Gillis enlisted in 1862 as a sergeant in Co G, 73rd Indiana Volunteer Infantry, which was a part of the Army of the Cumberland. He participated in the battles of Stones River, Decatur, Perryville, Athens and many skirmishes with his regiment. On 30 December 1862 he was taken prisoner at the Battle of Stones River and placed in Libby Prison. He claimed to have been held a prisoner at Libby Prison for 3 months (even 6 months as stated in an obituary) though his diary informs us that he did not arrive in Richmond and placed in Castle Thunder Prison until January 16, 1863 and that he was exchanged on 3 February 1863—just over two weeks later. His diary informs us that he was transferred from Castle Thunder to Libby Prison on 27 January until the date of his exchange a week later. Incredibly, Gillis spent as much or more time in captivity being transported throughout the South in rude box cars than he did in the Richmond prisons—rarely given the opportunity to step outside the cars and given almost nothing to eat.

It was nearly a year before Gillis returned to his regiment but we learn from his diary this absence was not due to a lengthy stay in Richmond as a prisoner-of-war, but because he accepted temporary duty at the parole camp in Annapolis, Maryland, working as a cook and a carpenter.

Since Gillis never married, his diary was lost for a time but finally surfaced some years ago and was transcribed by a woman named Judy Lee who was able to attribute it to Gillis. I understand this diary was published in the Indiana Genealogist, March 2010 though it is not available to the public without a subscription.

[Note: This diary is now in the personal collection of Sally Ivey and she has made it able for me to publish on Spared & Shared.]

1862

July 21st —Journal of Camp Life. I enlisted in the service of the USA in Logansport and got a leave of absence to go out to my work near Monticello.

Saturday, 26th—Returned to Logansport and home.

Tuesday 29th—Went to Logan. Stayed all night at D. S. P. 

Wednesday 30th—Took the train 8 A.M. for South Bend. Had a huge time on the cars, some being highly spirited from the excessive use of ardent spirits. Arrived in Camp Rose 10 P.M. We being first squad in camp, found supper ready, drew our blankets and looked for a soft place on the ground to rest our weary limbs.

Thursday August 2nd—Found the company in various circumstances. Those that were high spirited from the use of whiskey the day previous was low spirited now.

Sunday August 10th—I with Orderly Sergt. G. A. Vanness attended church up to…

Monday August 11th—We had but little military discipline in camp. We had the honor to escort the first company to camp and also the remainder of Co. G. In the eve we escorted Co. H to camp and had supper awaiting them. 

Wednesday August 13th—At 6 p.m. we had our first dress parade and did well. 

Thursday August 14th—Rained all day. Dress parade at 6 p.m. The fair sex said Co. G. was best on parade. 

Friday August 15th—Moved quarters from tents to barracks. 

Saturday August 16th—The ladies of the Bend gave the soldiers a dinner which we all did ample justice. ¹

¹ The regiment not only furnished a dinner to the Camp Rose soldiers, but they presented a “fine silk flag” to them and Indiana Congressman Schuyler Colfax gave them a speech.

Thursday August 21st—The 73rd Regiment left Camp Rose for the land of Dixie and was escorted to the depot by the citizens and left amidst cheers and flags. Arrived at Indianapolis 11 p.m. and ordered to Louisville, Kentucky. Arrived at Jeffersonville 10 a.m., laid over until 3 p.m. and crossed the river and marched through the principal streets of Louisville. The dust raised in such clouds that we could hardly distinguish each other. Through the dense fog of dust we could discern the form of many ladies greeting us with cheers. We went into camp one mile south of Louisville.

Friday August 23rd—Finds us in camp and other troops in view. We drew our muskets ² and knapsacks.

² Harper’s Ferry muskets were distributed to the men which caused many of them to grumble for they had expected Springfield or Enfield rifles rather than smoothbores. These muskets fired buck and ball and proved effective only at close range.

Sunday August 24th—We struck tents 6 p.m. and took the train for Lexington.

Monday, August 25th—Finds us in Lexington. We marched out one mile to where the 55th had been camped but was then at Richmond, Kentucky. We took some refreshments, then marched 1 ½ miles south of Lexington when we stopped until Saturday.

Saturday, August 30th at 7 p.m., we took up our line of march for Richmond, Kentucky. Marched all night.

Sunday, August 31st—At 10 a.m. we arrived at the Kentucky River and rested till 12 m. and found we was in the wrong pew as [Lt. Gen. Edmund] Kirby Smith had crossed the river with 30,000 and was advancing on us and commenced cannonading our retreat at 2 o’clock p.m. We then seen a heavy fog of dust raising to our left and heading us off and supposing them to be the enemy, we formed a line of battle to make a gallant charge. But when they arrived, it was the Pennsylvania cavalry come to our aid. At 4 p.m., commenced raining. Myself, Lindol Smith, William Jacks and Ephraim Powell being unwell, stopped for the night in a barn.

Monday September 1st—At day break, beat our march on to Lexington and arrived 11 a.m. Found all in excitement. At dusk, shouldered guns and knapsacks and marched through Lexington and marched all night.

Tuesday morn, September 2nd—Found us marching and marched all day and at 10 p.m., arrived at Frankfort and expected to rest until morn, but being pressed by the enemy, we had to resume our march at 1 a.m. 

Wednesday September 3rd—The 3rd morn still found us drudging along with sore feet and suffering for food and water. We marched until 11 p.m. and called a halt.

Thursday September 4th—At 2 a.m. we again pursued our journey. At 10 a.m., we entered Shelbyville. I and Dick Moss and 1st Sergt. Co. F was detailed to press teams to haul the sick and entered town in advance of the train. We found plenty to eat and drink on the streets the first 3 or 4 days. I & J. & S. called at an Inn and fared sumptuously. [Just] as the regiment was entering the town, they were attacked in the rear and had to double quick through town and form line of battle. We suffered from the heat of the day and fatigue. When we would halt, many would fall to sleep, exhausted. We marched all day and night.

Friday September 5th—The dawn found us laying on the pike, very tired and sore. We marched till 3 p.m. and arrived in the vicinity of Louisville. 

Saturday September 6th—Got up to roll call sore and tired. From this date for several days we moved camp 3 or 4 times.

September 22nd—The morn found us in camp in full view of Louisville. The day was pleasant. 

Tuesday, September 23rd—I & John Walters and [David] E. Pryor prepared something for the detail to eat and go to bed. 

Wednesday, September 24th—At roll call at 4 a.m., Co. G goes on picket. Relieved from duty 1 p.m., I and Edward Lucas and Finla Pawling went to the cemetery and to tavern and got some lemonade there. Back to quarters at 7 p.m. 

Thursday, September 25th—Fell into line in entrenchment at 3 ½ a.m. Returned to quarters at 5 a.m. and breakfasted on yam yam [sweet potatoes] and coffee and performed our duties as usual for the day. 

Friday September 26th—Called up at 4 a.m. Co. G went out on picket. Weather fair. 

Saturday morn, September 27th—Finds me on picket post and it raining. Relieved at 10 a.m. Come to camp. Found some visitors from the Ninth Regt. (J. Banta, J.Chilcut, M. Pratt, J. Miller). Stayed all night.

Sunday, September 28th—The day was hot. Rained every hour or so.

Tuesday September 30th—We had monthly inspection. Afternoon struck tents and moved quarters south of town. Got supper and got to bed.

Wednesday, October 1st—We was called up at 3 a.m., struck tents for marching, but the division did not move till 2 p.m. Myself and [David E.] Pryor was detailed to guard the baggage. We had a huge supper. We had butter, sweet potatoes, Hoosier cake, and pies. Fifer [William H. H.] Smith and Isaac Sheeder went for chicken.

Thursday, October 2nd—Had a good breakfast—potatoes, tomatoes, cabbage, butter, &c. [David E.] Pryor and myself went to Express Office, got a box of provisions sent from home. In evening, put our baggage in the wagons and got in and traveled 15 miles that night. Arrived at R. 11 P.M. 

Friday morn, October 3rd—Up at 4 a.m. After laying all night in the rain and no shelter, took up our line of march. At 7 a.m. went through Mt. Washington occupied the day previous by Rebs. Then crossed Salt River on rail[road] bridge as the Rebs burnt the [other] bridge. We went through cornfield and woods. 

Saturday, October 4th—We again started for Bardstown 15 miles distant. We went 8 miles in a forward direction, then flanked off past Fairfield. We marched very fast and it [was] raining. At 4 p.m. the cavalry skirmished in our advance. We camped at 9 p.m. in sight of Bardstown. 

Sunday, October 5th—Got breakfast which consisted of one cracker and raw bacon. Then went into town. Poor houses. Captured 100 sick Rebs in hospital and some other prisoners. 

Monday, October 6th—We marched over mountainous country. Marched all day and night until 3 o’clock in the morn. Myself, Orderly [Garrett] Van Ness. Lieut. J[oseph] A. Westlake and [David] E. Pryor fell out at 11 p.m. in a meadow and slept till daybreak the 7th. We then marched to camp six miles cross Beech River. Got to camp at breakfast time. 

Tuesday, October 7th—On the bank of Beech River, myself and Seth Pratt took a huge wash and filled our canteens with water. Orders to march at 10 a.m. [but were] in line until 12 M.—then we marched. We passed through Bloomfield—a small town, all secesh. I saw one Union flag. Travel slow. Water scarce. Camped for night. Cooked with poor water. Hog wallow.

Wednesday, October 8th—Orders to march at 9 a.m. and countermanded till 3 p.m. We marched 10 miles near Perryville. Brought on an engagement, heavy firing on both sides. We dismounted several guns. Camped in sight of the enemy. Not allowed to build fires. 

Thursday, October 9th—We advanced at 4 a.m. fired a few shots, but no reply. The enemy retreated. We went through Perryville at 4 p.m. Camped in the rebel camp. Several houses in town badly shattered by shot and shell. Camped at Cave Spring. Plenty of water. 

Friday October 10th—As I staid up until midnight night cooking, I had batter cakes for breakfast. We marched at 6 a.m. Went through the battlefield. The ground was covered with the dead. The hospitals was all full of dead and dying. We then marched in line of battle and heavy firing on our right and left. Went into camp at 2 p.m. Rain all afternoon. Co. G went out on picket. I took charge of the outside post of Co. G. We built rail pen and covered with fodder. I laid down and tried to sleep. Too cool and wet.

 Saturday, October 11th—It rained all night. Made coffee. The boys had [all] drank their coffee but me. I had my coat off drying at the fire when [John Hunt] Morgan and his men came in yelling and firing upon us like drunken Indians. I had to lose my coffee. We retreated back to camp and formed a line of battle. We opened fire on them with artillery and sent them back with some riders less. We moved forward towards Harrodsburg, scouting the country as we went, taking many prisoners. Got to Harrodsburg at 4 p.m. Laid in town till dark. Moved 1 mile.

Sunday, October 12th—I got up early and had nothing to eat for breakfast. We marched at 9 a.m. Come upon the enemy. Formed line of battle and marched all day in that position. We skirmished all day with the musketry and artillery, our regiment being in advance. Returned back to the division to draw rations at night.

Monday, October 13th—We advanced six or eight miles. Camped on a high hill ½ mile from Danville. We stayed all day and part of the night (very hot).

Tuesday, October 14th—Called up at 2 a.m. Got breakfast at 3 a.m. Marched toward camp Dick Robinson, double quicked six miles. We have heard cannonading. We went into a grove until 4 p.m. We then marched through Stanford and camped 2 miles from town. 

Wednesday, October 15th—Breakfasted on yam yam. Cannonading heard all night. At 7 a.m. we moved for Crab Orchard. Heavy cannonading all forenoon. Went through town 12 M. Marched 9 miles distance. Went into camp 8 p.m. Surrounded with a beautiful scenery of mountains. Cool.

Thursday, October 16th—Up early. Heavy dews. Drew rations and fell in line and marched at 9 a.m. 1 ½ miles and rested on the side of a mountain until 4 p.m. Then went back to old camp. 

Friday, October 17th—The wagons came up with our knapsacks. I got a clean shirt and I and Edward Lucus went to the creek and washed. While there Ed brought me three letters from home. Myself, Moss Wilson, Garrett A. Van Ness, Isaac Sheeder and Seth Pratt bought some cakes, pies, biscuit at Kentucky sutler and had a huge supper. 

Saturday, October 18th—Up and into line and marched through Mount Vernon for Wild Cat and captured co. rebels we laid. The road was filled full of timber by the enemy. We then turned back and went into camp ³ at 3 p.m. Water plenty and good.

³ The encampment was about seven miles from Mount Vernon, Rock Castle County. It came to be known by the men as “Camp Starvation” due to the short rations and scarcity of farms to pilfer food from.

Sunday, October 19th—We arose at leisure. We was surrounded on all sides with high mountains and laid still all day. Something unusual for us on Sunday. Wrote letters.

Monday October 20th—Got up, got breakfast for Ed Lucas and myself. Drew rations. Ed Lucas got potatoes and apples. I went to the highest mountain and wrote a letter to x. 

Tuesday, October 21st—Myself and Ed went foraging. I caught a pig for breakfast. 

Wednesday, October 22nd—We fell in line and marched at 5 a.m. No rest until 9. We went back the same road as far as Stanford, 30 miles, and camped at 4 p.m. Draw four days rations. Not quite half rations. 

Thursday, October 23rd—Marched at 5 a.m. The air cool, heavy frost. Pass Stanford. Took a new road. Camp at 4 p.m. [four miles from Hustonville.]

Friday, October 24th—Resumed our march 3 ½ a.m. Marched from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. without resting and passed through Liberty and cross a mountain 5 miles across. I with many others fell out. I & William Etmier come in camp at 11 p.m. Six of Co. G got in with the regiment. Cool. 

Saturday, October 25th—At 7 a.m., started for Columbia 18 miles distant. It rained all forenoon. I & [William] Etmier fell out. I got something to eat. It snowed all afternoon. We pass Hustonville. Come in camp at dusk. Co. G got 2 tents—the first we seen for 2 months. I and Dick Moss went for a tent and covered up with it.

Sunday, October 26th—I got up. Found ourselves covered with 4 inches snow. We pitched 2 more tents.

Monday, October 27th—Finds us in camp. We go on inspection. I wrote 2 or 3 letters. In the evening Ed Lucas and David Pryor brought in chickens and onions. 

Tuesday October 28th—Myself and Corp. Ben Banta and Corp. Isaac Sheeder went to Columbia. Got a bottle of stomach bitters, cheese, crackers, &c. andn feasted on the bank of Green river among the laurel.

Wednesday, October 29th—Clean up quarters. Go to creek, washed my shirt and pants. Went in and took a swim. Go to camp, made my supper on oysters. 

Thursday, October 30th—We struck tents and marched at 5 a.m. Went through Columbia. Travel through poor country six miles without seeing a house. Traveled 25 miles. I seen one pretty girl. Co. G goes out on picket. We was relieved at 1 a.m. and went to the reserve. I pulled grass for my bed. 

Friday, October 31st—Myself, Sgt. Alexander Wilson, Corp. Richard Moss, instead of going to camp with company, we call at tavern in the city of Edmonton. Got our breakfast and wait till the regiment pass along,[then] joined company and march until 2 p.m. Went in camp—the earliest for some time. We camped on a large farm. The owner has two sons in the Rebel army. This the third army camped on his place. We piled his rails. I and Sgt. Alexander Wilson and Corp. Richard Moss was put under arrest simply for eating hot biscuits and fried chicken, &c.

Saturday, November 1st—We struck tents and moved at 4 a.m. Passed though Glasgow at 9 a.m. Went 2 miles farther and camped.

Sunday, November 2nd—Up early. Lay in camp all day.

Monday, November 3rd—Up at 4 a.m. The night was cold. Drawed 5 days rations. John K. Anderson died and was buried at 7 p.m. The night was beautiful. We bought a nice coffin and give him a decent burial . 

Tuesday, November 4th—The night cold. The leaves begin to decay.

Wednesday, November 5th—We started at 6 a.m. Crossed the Cumberland River at 10 a.m. on a pontoon bridge. Slow crossing—one at a time. Go through Scottsville—disagreeable.

Thursday November 6th—The night cold and wet. Co. G was on brigade guard.

Friday, November 7th—In line and marched at 5 a.m. Chilly weather. Crossed all day the first state line 12 M. Snowed all day. The first house that represented the state of Tennessee had no glass in the windows but a darkey’s head in the place of glass (black glass). Hilly country and poor soil. Cold. 

Saturday, November 8th—The brigade moved out at 1 p.m. to surprise the enemy at Gallatin, Tennessee. Had a slight skirmish. The Rebs [Morgan’s Cavalry] fled. We camped three miles south of town on the bank of the Cumberland River.

Sunday, November 9th—I put the day in at the river and cracking nuts and writing letters. 

Monday, November 10th—Struck tents and marched at 6 a.m. and crossed the Cumberland river on trestles and boards. The bank was solid rock—30 feet perpendicular. Pass a scope of timber—all cedar, and come into the Mumfordsville and Nashville Pike. Passed a beautiful residence. Camp at Silver Springs. 

Tuesday, November 11th—Laid in camp all day except myself, Patrick C. Johnson, and Jehu P. Weaver was out gathering hickory nuts. Report our baggage captured. 

Wednesday November 12th—The regiment was in line at 5 a.m. and raining. Then sent guns. Cold. 

Thursday, November 13th—In camp all day. 

Friday, November 14th—Nothing occurred unusual. 

Saturday, November 15th—Our brigade went to Lebanon and back to engage Gen. Morgan but no Morgan. 22 miles. 

Sunday, November 16th—At day break I went to Silver Springs for water for breakfast. J. Patrick was over to see me. 

Monday, November 17th—A dreary, rainy day.

Tuesday, November 18th—No wood on the woodpile. I made some mush. Buried one of our company [Samuel C. Hess who died of] brain fever.

Wednesday, November 19th—We struck tents at 5 a.m. and got in line and it raining. We stood around in the rain until 12 M, then started. The mud on the pike was 3 inches deep. Rained till 4 p.m. We passed General Jackson’s residence [the Hermitage].

Thursday, November 20th—We started on our march at daylight. Crossed Stone River on rails. Went into camp at 2 p.m. I got Edward Scully’s cap and gathered us some walnuts. 

Friday, November 21st—We pitched tents, policed guns. Stony ground. 

Saturday, November 22nd—Co. G on brigade guard. We heard the whistle of the locomotive—the first for 2 months.

Sunday, November 23rd—Heavy frost. Got breakfast, made some cake out of soaked crackers. No services in camp. I put in time writing. 

Monday November 24th—The company was out on drill. The boys from the 9th [Indiana] Regiment was over. Cousin F. J. Patrick and J. Peters was over to see me. 

Tuesday, November 25th—Orders to march at 1 p.m. Orders countermanded for the morrow. 

Wednesday November 26th—Co. G went out on picket at 12 M. Relieved and pitched tents and marched 4 miles south of Nashville on the N. & M. R. R. We went for rails. 

Thursday, November 27th—Laid off camp ground and restruck tents and policed guns, &c.

Friday, November 28th—In camp.

Saturday, November 29th—Picket. Edward Lucas got my blanket. I and Richard Moss sleep together. 

Sunday, November 30th—Orders for General inspection. [David] E. Pryor [was] cleaning his gun [when he] accidentally shot himself in right shoulder. 

Monday, December 1st—The brigade went foraging. Co. G was skirmishers. Had some fun with the enemy. 

Tuesday December 2nd—Orders for regiment review. Co. G on brigade guard. Cool.

Wednesday December 3rd—Orders for brigade review. All went off smooth. 

Thursday, December 4th—With orders to shoulder guns and knapsacks to go on grand review. General Rosecrans ⁴ was present and told the boys they needed shoes. He wanted us to eat well, sleep well and fight well.

⁴ General William Rosecrans Starke Rosecrans replaced Gen. Don Carlos Buell who was sacked for his poor performance in Kentucky. McBane’s impressions of “Old Rosey” (as his men affectionately called him) seemed to mirror those of Corporal Charles W. Hills of Co. A of the 41st Ohio who also saw him for the first time at the divisional review on 4 December 1862: “I was prepared to see General Rosecrans as a stiff intensely military man, whose exterior should correspond with the rigid and uncompromising nature of his military policy, but was disappointed in his genial and familiar manner which was calculated to excite anything but awe or apprehension,” he wrote. “The Roman nose and massive brow betokened intellect, but I
saw nothing of the calm dignity and thoughtful manner of Buell. As he passed us, we listened for some sage remark that should remind us of the historical sayings of Napoleon. ‘Fighting is a trade,’ he said. ‘Three things must be learned by all who would practice it with success. First, the soldier must learn to eat well; second to sleep well; and third, to fight well. Failure in the first two things, he gives out, and soon falls to pieces like an old shackly wagon.” [From the Forty-First Regiment,” Cleveland Morning Leader (Ohio), December 27, 1862, pg. 1]

Friday, December 5th—Commenced snowing in morn. Snow all day. 

Saturday, December 6th–A brigade in Smith’s Division went out foraging and was drove back by the enemy. Mild. 

Sunday, December 7th—Our regiment went foraging and skirmished all day. Got forage.

Monday, December 8th—Quite a stir making a list of those going to convalescent camp and hospital. Lindol Smith, William H. Jacks. 

Tuesday, December 9th—Cool and frosty. Cannonading. After we went to bed we packed our knapsack and haversacks for a minute’s notice.

Wednesday, December 10th—Numerous reports of the approaching of the enemy. Consolidating our forces. Received notice of myself, [Alexander] Wilson and [Richard] Moss’s liberation charges and sentences. Found not guilty. William Searight and Seth Pratt received a box of luxuries from home. I had the pleasure of testing its qualities. 

Thursday, December 11th—Cool in the morn. Seth Pratt opened a can of peaches and passed them [around] for inspection. They were good. 

Friday, December 12th—The ground white with frost. Clean guns, preparation for a forage expedition on tomorrow. Received 2 letters from M. Y. A. F. 

Saturday, December 13th—Quite blustery. Issued clothing. I drew an overcoat but the best fun I received was 3 letters—one each from T. F. M., D. H. M., and N. H. T.

Sunday and Monday, December 14th & 15th—In line. Daylight for a forage trip [on the Lebanon Pike]. 12 M. I now stand on the skirmish line in a cornfield several miles from camp. I hear the rattling of artillery in my rear and the commanding of officers. We are in view of Jackson’s Hermitage. We start for camp. Arrive 8 p.m.…..Routed up at 3 a.m. in line and lay so till daylight and dismissed. I got breakfast for myself and orderly [sergeant] Garrett Van Ness. Our meal consisted of beef, sow belly, coffee and crackers. Edward Lucas goes to hospital with measles. 12 M. out on brigade drill. Rained so hard was dismissed. Blowed some tents down. Got a letter from L. Smith. Orders to be ready for an attack in the morning. Still rains. 

Tuesday December 16th—Rain all night. Ceased this morn. Cool and cloudy. Capt. William McConnell’s trial goes off. The regiment on battalion drill. Evening quite cool. 

Wednesday, December 17th—Battalion drill in forenoon and afternoon and indication of fun before before many days with the enemy. 

Thursday, December 18th—Cool and frosty. Brigade drill in forenoon. At 2 p.m. general inspection. Dress parade at 5. 

Friday, December 19th—On drill as usual. I drew pantaloons. I washed shirts, socks, handkerchief.

Saturday, December 20th—On guard mount. I am sergeant of the 3rd relief. At night, fall into line. Heavy cannonading in the direction of Murfreesboro [which] commenced at 7 p.m. and lasted to 9 p.m. Returned to quarters. 

Sunday, December 21st—All quiet this morn. The regiment laid in camp. Something very unusual for Sunday. 

Monday, December 22nd—Up at usual time. Squad drill at 8 a.m. Battallion at 10 a.m. Drill at 12 and 2 p.m. Dress parade 6 p.m.

Tuesday, December 23rd—The boys in great glee. Dr. Hogle returned with boxes of cakes, jellies and letters from home. All merry. 

Wednesday, December 24th—Up and tents struck and in line ready to move at 6 a.m. Misting rain. Lay in line all day. Evening boys play ball and plotting how to spend the Christmas. We restruck a few tents with orders to be ready to move at 6. 

Thursday, December 25th—Christmas morn. In line at 7 a.m. to go foraging. March several miles before we met the enemy’s picket. We drove them several miles before us. Co. G spent the day skirmishing with the enemy. Some killed and wounded in the 51st [Indiana] Regiment. Got back to camp 9 p.m. Order to move at 6 a.m. in morn. 

Friday, December 26th—In line and commenced moving toward Murfreesboro. I got two letters—one from S. E. S. and [one from] H. M. Commenced raining and I [had] no coat or blanket. The enemy made a stand at La Vergne. About 50 of our men left on the field dead. We skirmished all day through the rain and camped 1 ½ miles from La Vergne and no tents but take the rain. We camped 9 p.m. I and Orderly Sergeant Garrett Van Ness went for an oil cloth to sleep under.

Saturday, December 27th—Wet and cold. The Rebs opened out with artillery. We camped on yesterday’s battle ground. While I now write, 3 or 4 of the enemy shells pass over my head. We now, 11 a.m., open on them with artillery. Some wounded come to the rear. It rains. Co’s. G and B is skirmishers. We now advance. Skirmished all day in the rain and I [had] no coat. Took 40 or 50 prisoners. In evening we pushed the enemy so they lost hats and blankets. I picked up a hat and blanket (Rebs). Go in camp at dusk. Co’s. G, B, and E goes on picket. Ceased raining and turns cool. The boys go for cotton to sleep on. We are relieved from picket 1 a.m.

Sunday, December 28th—Co’s. G, B and E goes on picket again and while I note this, the roar of musketry is heard all around. I and Ephraim Powell is on one post on the bank of Stewart’s Creek. We are relieved at 1 p.m. Go back to camp. Co. G and the 51st [Indiana Regiment] volunteered to cross the river and go into the Rebel camp. The Rebs made their appearance but were out of reach. We captured a wagon load of sabers and guns and went back [across the river].

Monday, December 29th—The roar of musketry has commenced. We move our line forward at 5 a.m. The skirmishers are in motion. Co’s. G and B is ordered forward again on the skirmish line. Skirmished all day. The balls flew as thick as bees and at dusk we advanced cross the river. Drive the enemy from the timber through a cornfield into a wheat field. The flash of guns reminded me of lightening bugs and the Minié balls [of] mosquitoes. We held the line till 12 midnight, then fell back and recrossed the river. We got in quite a mess with the Rebs. The killed and wounded is not known. We camped on the bank of Stones River.

Tuesday, December 30th—Up this morn at 3 a.m.. Rained all night. As soon as day begins to dawn, the roar of cannon and musketry commences. Co’s. G and B again on the line. A brisk cannonading kept up all day to cover the pioneers. Great many killed. The rebel shells come over our heads. 

Wednesday, December 31st—Breakfast over by 4 a.m. Some [were] up all night, too cold to sleep. Cannonading commenced at daylight. Spitting snow. The battle commenced at 6 a.m. and lasted all day. Our regiment got into a regular Shiloh fight about 12 M. Fought well and repulsed the enemy. Then was flanked and forced back at a heavy slaughter on both sides. Great many killed and wounded. Killed Capt. Peter Doyle [of] Co. H, John Fiddler, Ephraim Powell, Wm. McDonough, John Keis, Wm. Etmeir. A number out of Co. G wounded while falling back. I was surrounded and captured and taken to the rear through the battlefield which was three miles back. It was covered with the wounded and dead and dying. The enemy captured 1,000 of us and took us to Murfreesboro and paroled us. However, the battle raged furiously on the 2nd inst. General Rosecrans fought them back over the same ground. The 3rd instant we had 72 pieces artillery in position and killed 1,800 in one hour and 40 minutes. A decided victory.

1863

Thursday, January 1st—Cold and frosty this morn. Up all night. No place to sleep. Secesh took my coat, rubber and blanket, canteen. Took all from me and give me no grub. We took corn for fuel. Poor fare. The battle rages. The wounded rebs come in by wagon loads. I with the rest of prisoners was put in the courthouse yard. At night formed line and drove to another lot. At 1 a.m. draw pint flour and nothing to cook with.

Friday, January 2nd—Up at 3 a.m. to get ready for a trip to Chattanooga. We stood in line at depot till 9 a.m. Then 1,200 of us took the train for Chattanooga. We traveled all day and until 2 a.m. Went through poor country. Went through a tunnel one mile through. Passed through Stevenson, Alabama. Arrived at Chattanooga 2 a.m. Tried to sleep [but] too cold and rainy. ⁵

⁵ “When we got to Tullahoma, a large crowd assembled to see us and many of them provided corncakes which they distributed among us. I got a piece from a soldier that had just got home from the North, having been a prisoner. He procured all he could for us, stating that he had been well-used when a prisoner with the Federals. In marching through the streets of Chattanooga, several of the citizens indulged their spite by calling us nicknames, laughing, and insulting us. Their officers and soldiers felt ashamed of them and said “twas like fighting a Negro who durst not fight you.” We stopped three hours at a place called Ringgold, Georgia and the people here were very social and some conscripts we talked to wished very much to be in our situation, prisoners of war. All along through Georgia, Alabama, and eastern Tennessee, they people are heartily tired of the war.” Wilson’s contingent of prisoners were sent south from Chattanooga to Atlanta and had made it into southern Alabama when the train received orders to bring the Federals back north and to send them through eastern Tennessee for exchange at Richmond, Virginia. [Quotes from Private John Wilson, Howard Tribune (Indiana) dated 12 February 1863, as published additionally in Honor Fearfully Won: A Stones River story of the 39th Indiana, by Dan Masters.]

Saturday, January 3rd—Up early. Could not sleep. Too cold. I found myself in an old Rebel camp ¼ mile from town with plenty of company— about 1800 prisoners of us—all hungry as I have not drawed but a pint of flour since I drew from Uncle Sam Dec. 30th, ’62. This afternoon we draw pint of meal and sow belly. It rained all afternoon and night. We could not cook our meal but I leave at 1 a.m. for Vicksburg. Raining.

Sunday, January 4th—At 1 a.m. we marched through the rain to the depot. We traveled all day through mountain country, Georgia. We went through a tunnel. The hills is almost bare except shrubbery pine. We passed some nice towns but very little stir as the Butternuts are wanted to the front. We arrived in Atlanta at sundown. Us prisoners occupied the public square—a cold place to sleep and nothing to eat. 

Monday, January 5th—Up early. Too cool to sleep. Drew small loaf bread and took train for West Point. Arrived sun down. No guard over us with promise to sleep in cars. 

Tuesday, January 6th—Rather cold to sleep without fire or blankets. At 11 a.m. took train for Montgomery, [Alabama]. Rough country. Arrived at Montgomery 11 p.m. At 2 a.m., drew rations and laid down to sleep 3 a.m. 

Wednesday, January 7th—Finds us in the edge of town. We drew some mule beef at 2 a.m. Laid down to sleep at 3. We take the cars and go back over the same road we traveled yesterday. The wenches plowing for corn. I noticed the post oak growing with moss hanging 2 feet in length. Also the china tree full of white berries and no leaves. And one nice looking lady—Miss Mahone. Traveled all day. Night arrived at Atlanta at day light this morn. 

Thursday, January 8th—This morn finds us in Atlanta. We march ¾ mile out from town and drew ½ loaf bread and put in the day hunting graybacks [lice] at 8 p.m.. Took the train toward Chattanooga. Lay at Dalton all day. I went to the spring for water. Found 3 pretty girls. Sung songs for me. Secesh songs. 

Friday, January 9th—Lay all day here. Out of rations. I bought a pie [for] 50 cents. The boys go for the rebs sugar. 

January 10th—This morn finds us in Dalton in an old hog car. Rained all night. This morn at 8 a.m., we leave for Knoxville, Tennessee. Travel all day and all night. The boys sing and try to be merry; sometimes fight and quarrel. Go at a snail’s gallop. Go all night. Crowded so we cannot lay down, no sleep, no grub. So it goes with us.

Sunday, January 11th—This morn finds in the vicinity of Knoxville. The train guarded with Butternuts and all hungry. Nothing to eat. Give us no chance to buy or the citizens to give to our wants. We are to lay here all day and not get out of the cars. 9 p.m., we draw some rations. The first I had to eat since yesterday morning for two days ration is one good meal.

Monday January 12th—This morn at 4 the train starts for the Rebel capital. We saw some beautiful country. We lay in Jonesborough. The guard won’t allow the women to bring us anything to eat. Good prospect for sleeping out in the cold without coats or blankets. 

Tuesday, January 13th—This morn finds us laying on the road with the old complaint, cold and hungry. We leave Jonesborough at 8 a.m. We come to Watauga River. The bridge burned by Yankees. We ferried across. We walk ten miles to another bridge burned. Promised rations at next bridge but when we get there, they promised us at Bristol. We are there and none here and have to travel all night.

Wednesday, January 14th—I find myself on the cars and still traveling and no grub for 2 ½ days and travel all day and night again. One fight in my car. Crowded so we cannot sit down. No sleep for 3 or 4 nights. Snow on the Mountains. Creeks numerous. So it goes. 

Thursday, January 15th—This morning finds us on our way to Lynchburg [Virginia]. We pass through a tunnel near town. Arrived in Lynchburg 8 a.m. I sold my pocketbook to get something to eat for the first for 3 ½ days. Exciting time. [Residents] come to see the Yanks. We draw rations at 2 p.m. and took train for Richmond to travel all night again. On our way at 9 p.m. 

Friday, January 16th–Still finds us traveling slow. 30 miles from Richmond. Had one fight in my car last night. Rained all night. 11 a.m. we are now laying 13 miles from town waiting other troops to leave before we enter town. We arrive in Richmond 3 p.m. March up Main Street and stood at Rockett’s [Landing] and stood in the ranks till they find some place to put us. 6 p.m. Now we go into old tobacco factory (Castle Thunder). Plenty tobacco. Draw rations, ½ loaf bread, little beef, mess of. In squads of 20. Cold.

Saturday January 17th—This morn finds me on the 2nd floor. Sleep pretty well. I feel unwell. The day is spent gaming. I have been playing checkers (through the window with my nose). At 5 p.m., draw our rations, ½ loaf bread [and] spoiled meat. Evening quite cool. 

Sunday, January 18th—Still in prison playing checkers through the window. It’s Sunday and none of us going to church. We draw our rations as before. Men stealing each other’s haversacks. Our rations only ¼ ration. 

Monday, January 19th—No sleep last night. Too cold. Draw our grub, ¼ loaf bread and soup and no meat. Different rumors going as to where we are going. Some [say] to South Carolina and some to Belle Isle. Evening draw our grub again, as usual. No fire and weather cold. Ice sickles hanging on the eve of the house. 

Tuesday, January 20th—And still playing checker. The day gloomy and dark. Different report going as to our destination. I bought $2.50 worth of bread with Northern Indiana farewell. I was detailed to go for bread.

Wednesday, January 21st—I rested tolerably. All pass off as usual. I see two Rebel flags on state house across the street. The buildings filled with conscript. I see some girls in prison. Gloomy day to be in a darkroom.

Thursday, January 22nd—Up early. Cold. Could not sleep. Walk the floor till daylight. Bought tin cup, paid 4 loaves of bread. The day spent hunting body guards [lice]. ⁶ Rumors [that] Illinois and Indiana [were] going to secede from the Union, clipped from the Cincinnati Enquirer. Cheers the secesh. Gloomy day. I was detailed to bring grub at night. A general row took place with the prisoners. New General in command of prisoners. General starvation. 

⁶ Civil War soldiers had various names for body lice. These nicknames included “vermin, graybacks, Bragg’s body guards, pants rabbits and seam squirrels.” They were notoriously prevalent in the crowded Richmond prisons.

Friday, January 23rd—The day again dawns on us prisoners but cloudy. No sun. We are busy skirmishing graybacks [lice]. Report says 1,200 leave here tomorrow. I sent $9.00 for bread, loose bread and money. The guards won’t let us buy.

Saturday, January 24th—Still here and no prospects of getting away soon. The day passes off as before. Men complaining of their money; they sent for bread but no return. Rumors we go to our lines on tomorrow. Tonight 34 more prisoners come in the building. They bring news from the front. 

Sunday January 25th—No church with us today. Some of the men read the history of the four kings. Lonesome day. 

Monday, January 26th—Up this morn at 3. A squad of prisoners, 1,200, left at 3. One died in the room overhead with brain fever. A good many sour looking faces. Our ration reduced to one-sixth loaf bread and soup. Complaint being hungry. 18 men taken out of this room to fill out the next squad that goes. 

Tuesday, January 27th—Up early. 1,100 more prisoners left town at 3 a.m. 25 prisoners broke through the bridge across James River and was drowned. This afternoon we leave our prison and go to Libby Prison. Rain the forepart of the night.

Wednesday January 28th—Up at 3 A.M. Too cold to sleep. It is sleeting and snowing. They commenced paroling yesterday and still at it today. I was paroled yesterday. We have to keep on the move to keep from freezing. Snowing.

Thursday, January 29th—Quite a snow on the ground. Two fights on this floor last night. This third floor all pass as usual. Very cold.

Friday, January 30th—This morn the Rebs are drilling in the streets. We are in good cheer with the promise and hopes of getting out of prison. We draw rations for supper with the expectation of it being the last in this prison cells. The sun sets clear and everything seems cheerful. The weather quite cool.

Saturday, January 31st—Morn finds us where we did not expect to be last night—in prison. A disappointed set. We are promised to get off at 5 a.m. in morn. We are all prophesying when and where we go. 

Sunday, February 1st—Again a disappointed set of men. Instead of being on our way to Fortress Monroe, we are in the prison. We have a general cleaning up the floor as though we was going to leave soon. I believe I shan’t go to church today.

Monday, February 2nd—It moderated. Looks like Indian summer. We are still in same place. Reports say we leave at 3 in the morn. Joyful times if so. 

Tuesday, February 3rd—Up all night. At 2 a.m., fell in line, 750 march out in the street and stood in ranks till 6 a.m. and it snowing and cold. Took the train at 7 a.m. Cross James River bridge, ¾ mile across and 40 feet high. Arrived at Petersburg 2 p.m. (22 miles); took cars for City Point (10 miles). I seen Water Birch with red buds. Arrived City Point 4 p.m. The Flag-of-Truce steamer New York there with Stars and Stripes flying. We gave three cheers. Took the boat for Fortress Monroe. Anchored 40 miles from City Point. 

Wednesday, February 4th—Finds us at anchor 40 or 50 miles from City Point. At 6 we set sail for Fortress Monroe. We arrive at Fortress Monroe 10 a.m. Laid at anchor till 5 p.m. We pass the blockade. The Monitor on picket. I see the two large guns in the USA—the Lincoln and Union. The bay full of ships. At 5 we raised anchor for Annapolis, Md. Rough sea. Some sick. Travel all night.

Thursday, February 5th—Finds us at anchor at Annapolis at 12 M. We go ashore to the barrack. Snowing and blowing. The men are drawing clothing and going to parole camp in the Navy Yard. I see some nice monuments of some patriots. Snow and sleeting. 

Friday, February 6th—In the Navy Yard and no breakfast. We go up the barricks and draw rations. We have plenty to eat but no quarters to go into. We go to fixing guns. Cold. 

Saturday, February 7th—Finds us in camp and heads up. I slept but little. My mess erected an old tent. I and D. McDonald took a walk through town and Navy Yard and all through the State House and on the cupola. Had full view of town. The streets all center to State House. A nice Marine Hospital.

Sunday, February 8th—After I issued rations to my mess, I went to the bay and gathered Minooza or clams for dinner. After dinner J. Charley Coons and D. McDonnal went to the wharf and got oysters to eat. While in the State House, I saw a cannon that was found in the St. Mary’s river in 1824 and presented to the citizens of Maryland by the Rev. Jos. Harbury. It was 12 feet in length. Very much defaced. Had quite an oyster supper.

Monday February 9th—This morn Maj. Everts starts all up to parole camp except the detail. I am detailed as carpenter. A. Delany [and] T. Quay took French furlough. I seen them to wharf.

Tuesday February 10th—C. Coons and myself worked as carpenters all day. Night went R. writing room.

Wednesday February 11th—200 more prisoners come up. Maj. Everts issues them clothing. Down to reading [room] and write some letters. 

Thursday, February 12th—From this date on to the 21st inst., I worked as carpenter.

Saturday, February 21st—Today 600 more prisoners came up—mostly marines. Quiet a stir among the cooks. From this time, prisoners was coming and going in squads from 3 to 800 until March 9th.

[No entry until March 10, 1863]

Tuesday and Wednesday, March 10th & 11th—1,800 prisoners left Parole Camp for Camp Chase, Ohio by boat at 6 p.m. Night….All the prisoners leave for Benton Barracks, Mo. I got a permanent detail as chief cook in charge the barracks…..From March up to June there was a continual coming and going of prisoners. Variously from five to fifteen hundred.

[No entry until 13 June 1863]

Saturday, June 13th—Three thousand of the Gettysburg prisoners arrived which made us cooks busy times. I made 40 barrels of water into coffee and ten barrels of port per meal.

Sunday June 14th—Today seven thousand prisoners arrived and was marched to parole camp and among them was Col. Abel D. Straight, command of raiders captured near Rome, Georgia, via then 73rd Regt. Indiana, 57th Indiana, 80th Illinois and 3rd Ohio. 

[No entry in July, Aug. Sept. Oct. and Nov. 1863]

Annapolis, Md., Sunday, November 29th—I attended the Methodist Episcopal Church as the dedication of the church occurred today. Bishop [Matthew] Simpson was in attendance and discoursed to a full house which was excellent indeed.

Monday, December 7th, I prepare for joining my regiment and received a letter from x and go to Parole Camp at 2 p.m. Took train and arrived at Annapolis Junction at 4 p.m. Then arrive at the Relay House at 5 p.m.. Got oyster supper and 10 p.m. took train and travel all night. 

Tuesday, December 8th—Finds us on the cars traveling. We pass through several tunnels in Virginia. Arrived at the Ohio River at 10 p.m. Crossed over and staid all night at Bellair [Ohio]. 

Wednesday, December 9th—We take the train for Columbus at 6 a.m. and at 12 noon passed through Zanesville and at 3 p.m. arrived at Columbus and stay all night at the soldiers home. 

Thursday, December 10th—Take the train at 6 a.m. and passed through Xenia and arrived at Cincinnati at 12 noon. Got a dinner at the Soldiers Home, then took the boat General Buell, for Louisville, Kentucky. Arrived 2 p.m. and laid over till 7 a.m. Then go up to Barracks. No. 7. Raining. We are to get transportation tomorrow. Our grub ready served.

Saturday, December 13th—We take the train at 7 a.m. and it raining. Pass Cave City and Bowling Green. Plenty cakes and pies to buy all the way. Arrive at Nashville, Tennessee, at 7 p.m. Conducted to Zolicoffer House. ⁶ Got supper and go up to the 4th story of the house for the night. Rain all day.

⁶ The “Zollicoffer House” in Nashville, only partially constructed when the Civil War began, was used extensively as a prison for Confederate POWs. Many of them were housed there on temporary floors that had been constructed as makeshift barracks inside the structure, and many of them were killed or mangled when the flooring collapsed on 29 September 1863. It was also used as temporary quarters for Federal troops passing through Nashville and by May 1864, there was still no roof and the upper floors were partially collapsed. After the war, a 1st Wisconsin Cavalry Quartermaster Sergeant named James Waterman remembered the Zollicoffer House as being “more like a prison than a barracks for civilized beings, and was a disgrace to the service.”

Monday, December 14th—Finds me in the Zolicoffer House—6 stories high with 365 rooms. I got a pass to go out of town. Went to the museum, returned. Quite a lot of Rebel prisoners come in today.

Tuesday, December 15th—At 3 A.M. took train for Chattanooga. Had to ride on top the cars—a very cold trip. Passed through Murfreesboro 4 a.m. thence Tullahoma, and arrive at Stevenson, Alabama, at 8 p.m. Sleep on the depot porch.

Wednesday, December 16th—Take the cars at 7 a.m. Ride on top the cars. Arrive at Bridgeport at 9 a.m. Draw rations. Cook bean soup. Take up quarters for the night on the bank of the Tennessee River. A boat arrived at the bank 8 p.m. Transport St. Clement. 15th Regt. Wisconsin. Myself and 4 others got good quarters. It rained all night.

Thursday, December 17th—Rained all night. The boat that arrived last eve. leaves this morning and no transportation for us. We go again. Take up guns for the night.

Frida, December 18th—Up and take the boat Dunbar at 6 a.m. for Chattanooga. Arrive at Kelly’s Ford 11 a.m. and march up Lookout Valley to General Hooker’s Head Quarters. Pass Raccoon and Lookout Mountain to Brown’s Ferry to Chattanooga. Laid at the ferry till the 15th Army Corps passed down the river in pontoons, then to Chattanooga and report to Chattanooga Provost Marshal and put in guard house for the night’s lodging. 

Saturday, December 19th—Up early. Sent note to Provost Marshal. We got grub at 9 a.m. The Provost Marshal come and releases me and send me cross the street to the convalescent barracks.

Sunday, December 20th—Still finds me in Chattanooga with the promise of transportation tomorrow. Short allowances, ½ rations. In afternoon I take a walk over on the hill to view the captured artillery. I counted 51 pieces and two siege guns, weight 5,557 lbs. besides—Lady Buckner and Lady Breckinridge. ⁷ Then return to my room. 

⁷ The large siege guns that were used by the Confederates when they laid siege to Union-occupied Chattanooga in late 1863 were captured in the Battle of Missionary Ridge and given the nicknames, “Lady Buckner” and “Lady Breckinridge.”

Monday, December 21st, Still in Chattanooga. I went over to see Lt. Murray, 51st Indiana Vol. Infantry. He promised to assist me in getting transportation to Nashville. I returned to my quarters just as they were starting with Rebel prisoners to Nashville and fell in and marched through Lookout Valley to Kelly’s Ford. Arrived 8 p.m. Camp on the bank of the Tennessee River for the night. Cold. 

Tuesday, December 22nd—Finds us on the bank of Tennessee River suffering with cold. At 3 a.m.. we took the boat for Bridgeport. Arrive at Bridgeport 7 a.m.. Took the cars at 10 a.m. Arrived at Stevenson 12 M. Stay all night.

Wednesday, December 23rd—Finds us between Stevenson and Tullahoma. Arrived at Murfeesboro 3 p.m. thence to Nashville 9 ½ p.m.. Went to Zollicoffer House. 

Thursday, December 24th—I was escorted to the regiment. Found all well. Richard Moss, Finla Pawling and myself took a walk to the State House and James K. Polk’s residence, then to quarters. Pass off afternoon talking over old time. I received 4 letters at night. I, Moss and Pawling went to the New Theater. 

Friday, December 25th—Christmas. Quite pleasant morn. We had a huge turkey roast for dinner. The day was spent very pleasantly. At night, Dick Moss and myself went to the New Theater. Rain. 

Saturday, December 26th—The morn passed off as usual. Myself, Wm. H. Jack and F. Pawling went over to Dr. Hogle. Had quite a pleasant visit. Those present, J. Williams, Mollie Tucker and Dr. and family. At night, I posted the guard on post. 

Sunday December 27th to Thurs. 31st—No changes worthy of note.

1864

[Entries at the beginning of this year are sparse—only writing one or two days for January through to May]

In January 1864, the 73rd Indiana Volunteers were quartered in Nashville, with their headquarters on the corner of Broad and Vine Streets. Captain Williamson was still in command of the regiment which was scattered around in various places in the vicinity of Nashville—some of the men at Fort Negley, some on the Northwestern Railroad, some at Cheatham’s Mills, 22 miles from the city getting out timber for stockades, bridges, etc., and some engaged in charge of the siege guns about the city. They were officially attached to the 12th Army Corps, 3rd Division, 1st Brigade, Army of the Tennessee.

January 1st—Guard on the corner Vine and Broad St. Nashville. Very cold day. Myself, Wilson, D. Moss, J. McConnell and T. Surface dined together at evening. Went to the theater to see the star actress, M’lle Vestvali ⁸

⁸ The “accomplished actress and cantatrice” M’lle Vestvali appeared in the Nashville New Theatre in a benefit on 25 December 1863. Her engagement must have been extended. She was highly popular and a favor of President Lincoln’s. Her real name was Anna Marie Staegemann or Warsaw, Poland. See Vestvali the Magnificent.

January 1st to 11th—Finds us as before on Corner Vine & Broad. 

January 12th—Sergt. Alexander Wilson goes home on recruiting furlough leaving me in command Co. G. Nothing occurs. Lt. A. Murray stops with me 3 or 4 days.

February 20th—I was taken sick and taken to Post Hospital and remained there until March 6th, 1864. William H. Jacks and J. Miller being nurses.

March 9th—Today I sent a detachment of 16 men out on Northwestern Railroad.

Saturday, April 2nd—We are moving camp to Fort Gillem and it raining.

Sunday, April 3rd—Today we all arrive at Fort Gillem, Nashville.

Saturday, April 16th—Up early and marched out on Murfeesboro Pike to Mill Creek Station on the N. & M. R. R. Arrived sunset. Find a company of the 85th & 33rd Ind. V. I.

Sunday, April 17th—This morn I relieve the 85 & 33 and take command of the post No. 3.

Monday, April 18th—We commenced work on the fortification and work on until June. 

Saturday, May 19th—Sergt. A. Wilson returns to the company and assumes command.

Monday, June 6th—Relieved by the 115th Ohio and at 1 p.m. took up our line of march. Arrived at Lavergne 4 p.m. Rained all night. Co. G found quarters with Co. H for the night.

Tuesday, June 7th—Today we draw our dog tents, rations &c. Rained at night. Co. G goes to Co. H for quarters. 

Wednesday, June 8th—Go to the station for transportation. 

Thursday, June 9th—We lay all day at the station at Lavergne. Rain. 

Friday, June 10th—At 2 a.m. take the train for Dixie. Pass through Murfeesboro, Tullahoma, Wartrace, Dechard. Arrive at Stevenson, Ala. 2 p.m. Rained, several showers. At 8 p.m. take train for Decatur.

Saturday, June 11th—This morn finds on the train. We pass Scottsboro, Bellfonte, Larkinsville and Huntsville. Arrive at Decatur Junction 7 a.m. and wait the arrival of the remainder of the regiment. At 1 p.m. we marched out to meet regiment and arrive at Mooresville 4 p.m. Stake tents. 

Sunday, June 12th—In camp. On the bank of Limestone at Mooresville. Rain all day. Go to church at night. Our chaplain discoursed. Come back to quarters. Find 3 letters. 

Monday June 13th—Dreary, wet day. Eve. I go out with a squad on picket. 

Tuesday, June 14th—While on picket post the wagon train arrived. I am relieved and fall in line to march. Arrived on the bank of Tenn. River, then swam across Limestone and went into camp. Night. 

Wednesday, June 15th—This evening, fall in line and move camp. 

Thursday, June 16th—All right and work on fortifications. At the mouth of Limestone Creek on the bank of the Tennessee River. During the month of June we worked on fortification. 

July. Eve. Co. G moved up to Triana [Alabama] at the Headquarters of the 73rd. During July and August we made several raids cross the Tennessee River resulting in the capture of prisoners, horses, cattle &c. Continually skirmishing with the rebs. 

Wednesday, August 31st—Day of excitement. Muster for pay and fell in line to go to Elk River in Tennessee to intercept General Wheeler. Marched to Decatur Junction. Arrived 11 p.m.

Thursday and Friday, September 1st & 2nd—Finds us at the Junction. We lay here then 11 a.m. take the train for Elk River Bridge. Arrive 1 o’clock p.m. Regiment lay on the bank of the river all day. I took a bath. We changed positions 3 times during night….We, the regiment, took our position in the Fort on Mt. Prospect. The Rebs burn the railroad last night within 2 miles of the Fort. Stayed with calvary and teamsters. I was in charge of ammunition train.

September 3rd to 6th—Nothing occurs except exciting rumors throughout the camp. 

Tuesday, September 6th—I go out 1 ½ miles on picket post. Nothing occurs but rumors about the capture of General Wheeler. Fort on Mt. Prospect built by General Fuller and General Dodge.

Tuesday, September 13th—I go on picket.

Thursday September 15th—At 12 M, we take the train and pass Sulphur Trestle and Athens. Arrive at Decatur Junction. 2 p.m. Fell in line [and] march to Mooresville. Arrive 4 p.m. and joined by remainder of the regiment from Triana 6 a.m. 

Friday, September 16th—Stake our tents and arrange quarters. 

Saturday, September 17th—Corp. H. Watts, Co. G was accidently shot through lower jaw. 

Saturday, September 24th—Exciting rumors prevalent. I am on duty as officer of the guard.

Sunday, September 25th—I come in off picket. We struck tents and march to Decatur. Arrive 3 p.m. At 11 p.m. we are alarmed. Pitch tents and fall in the forts. Attacked by General Forrest and Rowdy.

Monday, September 26th—The regiment goes out to reinforce cavalry. Returned without an attack.

Tuesday and Wednesday, September 27th & 28th—Go out to recapture 500 prisoners. Rained hard all day. Could not overtake them. March all night in rain. In camp 11 p.m.. …..Go out on picket 9 p.m. Struck tents and take train for the recapture of Athens and arrived midnight in the vicinity of Athens [Alabama]. Picketed till day break, then advanced. The few Rebs skedaddled on our approach.

Thursday September 29th—Stake tents and work all night on the fort in the rain. 

Friday, September 30th—Moved our quarters. Work day and night. 

Saturday and Sunday, October 1st and 2nd—Co. G on picket at 2 p.m. [Brigadier] General [Abraham] Buford [of Forrest’s command] with 4,000 attacked our picket and drove them in. We fell back to the fort [Fort Henderson] and skirmished until midnight and it raining hard. At daybreak (the 2nd) the enemy opened out on us with four pieces of artillery. We responded with our two. We kept up a brisk cannonading until 11 a.m.. when General Buford sent in a flag of truce for our surrender but was answered no. and repulsed by our inferior number (500) and driven from the field. We put out our pickets to bed. [See Fort Henderson]

Monday, October 3rd—This morn we go back to our quarters. At night alarmed and in line of battle. Nix.

Tuesday, October 4th—Today a division under Commander General Morgan arrived and camped near. Rain. 

Wednesday, October 5th—At 6 A.M. the division struck tents and fell in line and marched up to the 15th. We fortified and skirmished, &c.” 

Sunday, October 16th—The 73rd Regt. attended the funeral services of Col. Elliot of the 102nd Ohio who was wounded in battle Athens.

Tuesday, October 25th—At dark fell in line and take the train for Decatur and it raining arrive at 10 P.M. Go on guard night.

Wednesday, October 26th—This morn we go on the skirmish line and charged the rebs and drove them back and held the line all day. Relieved 10 P.M.

Thursday, October 27th—On the skirmish line all day. At night dug pits.

Friday, October 28th—The rebs made an attack on our lines but could not drive today. We skirmished all day and at night camp at depo cross river.

Saturday, October 29th—At 4 A.M. take train for Athens.

Sunday, October 30th—Exciting times. Troops passing all day. Co. G goes out foraging. At night fell in line to evacuate Athens. The 73rd boy goes for the 181st Ohio commissaries. March to Decatur Junction.

Tuesday, November 1st—Marched back to Athens. Find plenty troops there, part of 4th Corp.

Wednesday, November 23rd—Up to this time we foraged. At 11 p.m. ordered to pack up for march.

Thursday, November 24th—Fell in line 5 A.M. and marched to Decatur Junction and go in camp. 

Friday, November 25th—In line and on our march early. Passed through Mooresville 11 a.m. and Madison at 3 p.m. and arrived in Huntsville 11 p.m. Camped in town for the night.

Saturday, November 26th—We laid in Huntsville all day. Great excitement.

Sunday, November 27th—Fell in line 10 A.M. and marched all day. Camped in Cedar Gap.

Monday, November 28th—Up and on our march early. Pass through Brownsboro and Maysville. Cross Flint River through mountains all day. Cross Paint Rock River. The guerrillas attacked the rear of our train and captured 100 refuge wagons and refuges and camped on Paint Rock.

Tuesday, November 29th—Marched through valleys all day. At night camped at Larkinsville.

Wednesday, November 30th—Marched all day and camped at or near Belle Fount. The report says 2,000 rebs in our front and 5,00 in our rear.

Thursday, December 1st—Our train starts out early. We camp 3 miles from Stevenson. Pleasant.

Friday, December 2nd—March in Stevenson 10 a.m. and lay in camp all day. At night rain.

Saturday, December 3rd—Finds us in camp all drowned out. In afternoon moved camp. I took a squad of 40 men three miles out to load train. The train run off track and killed 3 colored soldiers and 2 white soldiers and wounded several more. We then marched out after night.

Sunday, December 4th—Finds us all well. Load train all day and no relief and out of rations.

Monday, December 5th—In evening I return to camp with my men. Co. G goes in the Redoubt.

Tuesday, December 6th—Gloomy morn. I go on staff.

Wednesday, December 7th—At work in Adjutant’s office.

Thursday, December 8th—Myself, W. H. Jack and William McCoy go out. Timber for our shanty.

Tuesday, December 13th—We build our quarters. Cold.

Wednesday, December 14th—In camp at Fort Harker.

Friday, December 16th—Heavy cannonading heard all day and expect an attack.

Saturday, December 17th—Order for inspection but rained all day. Postponed. 

Sunday, December 18th—Inspection. Afternoon received orders to march. Rain all day. 

Monday, December, 19th—Up early and struck tents for marching. Commenced our march 4 p.m. Arrived at Kipworth Landing on the Tennessee [river] at dark and it raining.

Tuesday, December 20th—Gloomy, cold and wet. Still lay on the bank.

Wednesday, December 21st—The fleet arrived at 3 p.m. The troops embarks at p.m. Rained and snowed all night. Wind bound.

Thursday, December 22nd—Finds the fleet at Whitesburg. Floated down to Limestone and back to Whitesburg. Very cold. Snow. Troops went ashore built fires.

Friday, December 23rd—At the landing by Huntsville. Pitched tents for night. At 7 A.M. struck tents and marched to Huntsville. Arrive 1 a.m. next day. Cold.

Saturday, December 24th—This morn finds us in Huntsville near the fort. Moved camp in afternoon.

Sunday, December 25th—The regt. stake of the ground to build Winter Quarter Headquarters in a private dwelling, Mr. White.

Monday, December 26th—Nothing occurs.

Tuesday, December 27th—Heavy cannonading heard all day in the direction of Decatur.

Wednesday, December 28th—Cannonading still heard this morn.

Thursday, 29, Friday 30th, Saturday 31st—Order to Decatur then to Stevenson then to Brownsboro. Took the train 2 p.m. Passed on to Hurricane Creek. Left Co. G and B. We then went back to Brownsboro. Arrived at 11 p.m. Cold. 

1865

Sunday, January 1st—This morn 1 a.m. took train for Paint Rock to surprise and capture post. Arrived before day light, found no resistance. Many of the boys with frozen feet.

Thursday, January 5th—I received orders to bring with me to Hd Qrs. Musicians, color Sergt, guards and Corpl. Took train 6 p.m. Arrived at Huntsville 10 p.m. One breakman fell from cars. Cut one arm and leg off. Died morn.

Friday, January 6th—At Headquarters, Huntsville.

Saturday, January 7th—Nothing occurs.

Sunday, January 8th—Cannonading heard in afternoon.

Friday, January 13th—We took the train for Larkinsville. Arrived 6 p.m. leaving Co. G and A at Hurricane Creek and D at Paint Rock. H and E at Gurley’s Tank. 

Saturday, January 14th—Stake our guns. Hd Qrs in private dwelling. Regt. built all day.

Monday, January 16th—All quiet in camp. I received my commission as S. M. [Sergeant Major] up to Feb. Nothing unusual occurs.

February 5th—Corpl. A. Finney accidently shot himself on picket post. Died in few minutes….At midnight guerillas attacked home guards and killed, wounded and captured them. Then attacked the train. We was in line and brought the wounded into camp.

Tuesday, February 6th—The ground covered with snow.

Monday, March 20th—I go home on furlough. Take train, arrive at Stevenson at 10 p.m. Lay all night.

Tuesday, March 21st—6 a.m. took train for Nashville. Got on top the cars and it raining. Arrived Nashville 10 p.m. Go to Soldier’s Home.

Wednesday, March 22nd—5 a.m. took train for Jeffersonville. Arrived at Louisville, Ky 8 p.m. Cross to Jeffersonville at 9 p.m. Took train to Indianapolis. Arrived 4 a.m. next morn. 

Thursday, March 23rd—At Soldier’s Home with Corp. L. Smith. 

Friday, March 24th—Took the train with H. and A. M. and wife for Kokomo. Arrived at Kokomo at 4 p.m. Then to Anoka.

Saturday, March 25th—At home.

Sunday, March 26th—At church to hear Pharns and at W. H. Lucke. 

Saturday, April 1st—At Dr. Surface. I and Hanes, D. D. S. D. J. C. Cross River.

Sunday, April 2nd—At church and Tucker. 

Wednesday and Thursday, April 5th and 6th—At Logansport. Great excitement. Downfall of Richmond.

Friday and Saturday, April 7th and 8th—-At Kokomo.

Sunday, April 9th—Go to Penn. Snow all day. At A. Murray’s. 

Monday, April 10th—Take train to Curveton to D. L. Fishers. Great excitement over General Lee’s surrender.

Tuesday, April 11th—1 a.m. start home, then go to W. P. Thomas, then Dr. Surface, then F. Sharts. Rain. 

Wednesday, April 12th—1 p.m. Took train for Dixie and stop at Kokomo. J. E. and E. went to the Panorama of the bible. 

Thursday, April 13th—In Kokomo.

Friday, April 14th—6 A.M. took train for Indianapolis. Arrived 4 p.m.  At night myself, Lindd, Smith, Wilda, J. Miller and E. Jack went to theater. 

Saturday, April 15th—Indianapolis. Great solemnity prevails over the death of President Lincoln. Be it remembered the President of the U. S. A. was assassinated and died this 3 o’clock a.m. Indianapolis in drapery. Speeches at State House at 11 a.m. by Gov. Morton, Gov. Wright, McDonal at 10 p.m. Took train for Dixie. Arrived at Jeffersonville next morn 6 a.m.

Sunday, April 16th—Finds us in Jeffersonville. We cross the river to Louisville, Kentucky, and get transportation. At Soldier’s Home till 2 p.m. Then took train to Nashville. Arrived after midnight. Went to Soldier’s Home. 

Monday, April 17th—Went to Post Hospital to stop.

Tuesday, April 18th—At Nashville.

Wednesday, April 19th—At the grand funeral procession in memory of the late President Lincoln.

Thursday, April 20th—At 2 p.m. took train for Stevenson, Alabama. Arrived after midnight. 

Friday, April 21st—At 1 p.m. took train for Larkinsville and arrived at 3 p.m. 

Sunday, June 11th— J. W. Kaizer, J. M. Gibson went out on the mountain and dined at Wininger’s.

Monday, June 19th—Myself, Com. Sergt. Qr. M. Sergt. and S. Lay went to Salt Peter Cave. Quite a pleasant trip.

Friday, June 23rd—Myself and Lt. Brown went over to Mrs. Judges.

Saturday, June 24th—At 5 p.m. took train for Nashville. Arrived at Huntsville 8 p.m. and laid over for the night.

Sunday, June 25th—At 6 a.m. took train for home. Arrived at Decatur Junction 8 a.m. At Athens 9 a.m. Mt. Prospect Tunnel Pulaski Columbia 12 M. then at Nashville 5 p.m. Regt went to exchange barracks. I, Adjt. Maj. Col., orderly slept in car.

Monday, June 26th—Commenced preparation for muster out.

Friday, June 30th—At Poland varieties.

Saturday, July 1st—At 3 p.m. Regt. Mustered out.

Sunday, July 2nd—Orders to be at depot at 3 p.m. and at 5 p.m. took train home.

Monday, July 3rd—Arrived at Louisville, Kentucky, 7 a.m. Crossed to Jeffersonville. Took train at 9 a.m. Arrived at Indianapolis 6 p.m. Struck tents for night.

Tuesday, July 4th—Turned over our ordance, callithumpian celebrating the 4th. Go to Camp Carington. 

Wednesday, July 5th—Had our reception p.m. Dined at Soldier’s Home. Speech by Gov. Morton and Hoovey. 

Thursday and Friday, July 6th and 7th—Go to theater, 7 Daughters Satan. I and Sergt D. Freeman went camp.

Saturday, July 8th—Draw our pay. Get our discharge and at 10 p.m. took train. Arrived 2 a.m. at Kokomo. Change cars and arrived at Anoka 3 a.m. Sunday. 

Tuesday, July 11th—At Logansport at Dan Rice Show [Circus]. Stay all night up to 22nd, nothing occurs.